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1、 . 直接引语变间接引语定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化1. 陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句例： He said, “Im very glad.” He said he was very glad.2. 一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。例： He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” He asked John
2、 could come that afternoon.3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when，why, where等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” He asked where Mr. Wang was. Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”. Tom asks me food I like best4. 祈使句变间接引语时，要变成ask/ tell/order sb（not）to do sth。Our parents told us“Learn English wel
3、l!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！” Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。The teacher said to me, “Dont read that novel!” The teacher asked/ told me that novel. Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！”Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。二、 人称的变化【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三
4、不变”这一原则例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said. Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.“Ill come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her. He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.She said to me, “Your pronunciati
5、on is better than his.” She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.三、时态变化 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态时态的变化例句一般现在时一般过去时She said, “I need a calculator.” She said that she needed a calculator.现在进行时过去进行时Jim said, “Im expecting a long distance call.” Jim said that he was ex
6、pecting a long distance call.一般将来时过去将来时Nancy said, “Ill call again later.” Nancy said that she would call again later.一般过去时过去完成时He said, “I took it home with me.” He said that he had taken it home with him.现在完成时过去完成时Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” Paul said that their team had won the match
7、.过去完成时过去完成时He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” He said that he had finished his homework before supper.四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化变化形式例句指示代词thisthatShe said, “She is coming this week.” She said that she was coming that week.thesethoseHe said, “These books are mine.” He said those books
8、were his.时间状语nowthenHe said, “Its ten oclock now.” He said that it was ten oclock then.todaythat dayHe said, “I havent seen her today.” He said that he hadnt seen her that day.tonightthat nightShe said, “Ill come again tonight.” She said that she would go again that night.yesterdaythe day beforeHe s
9、aid, “This happened yesterday.” He said that this had happened the day before.Threedays agothree days beforeShe said, “I arrived two days ago.”She said that she had arrived two days before.tomorrow the next daythe following dayShe said, “I”ll be back tomorrow.” She said that he would be back the nex
10、t day.next weekthe next weekShe said, “Ill do it next week.” She said that she would do it the next week.地点状语herethereShe said, “I came here to see Tom.” She said that he had gone there to see Tom.动词come/bringgo/takeHe said, “I brought it home with me.” He said he had taken it home with him.【拓展延伸】 直
11、接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况 主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化例如： He says, “Im tired.” He says that he is tired. He will say, “The boy was lazy.” He will tell you that the boy was lazy. 当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间的限制，因此不需要变化时态。Our geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”Our geography teacher told us that t
12、he earth goes round the sun. 直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间连用，时态不作改变She said, “I was born in 1995.” She said that she was born in 1995.【典型例题】（1）Can you tell me_? A. what the matter is B. what matter it is C. whats the matter D. the matter is what（2）The physics teacher said the earth _around the sun. A. is mo
13、ving B. moved C. had moved D. moves【语法专练】1. Mother asked the youngest kid_with his car.A. what the matter B. What was the matterC. what the matter is D. what is the matter2. The tourist asked the guide what he_visit the next day.A. was going to B. will C. is going in D. is to3. The teacher told us t
14、hat light_ faster than sound.A. traveled B. had traveled C. is traveling D.travels4. Tom hanks told his teacher that he_born in 1968.A. was B. had been C. is D. has been5. Linda asked Amy_ she could tell her the general ideas of the poem.A. that B. whether C. what D. how6. My brother said to me, “Im going to have
