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1、课本难点释疑1. It was as if Europe was waking up after the long sleep of the Middle Ages. 【重点知识】as if引导表语从句，放在连系动词be, seem, remain, look, appear等后。例如：It looks as if it isnt clean enough to bathe here.【扩展知识】as if / though可以引导表语从句，也可以引导方式状语从句。如果引导的从句与事实相反，从句要用虚拟语气。用一般过去时（be用were）表示与现在事实相反的愿望或假设；用过去完成时表示与过去事
2、实相反的假设。但若表示的是客观事实，不用虚拟语气。2. From Italy, the ideas of the Renaissance rapidly spread northwards to France, Germany, England, and the rest of Europe. 【重点知识】rest n.“其余的人（或东西）”，常与定冠词the连用，即the rest (of)，该结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数，取决于of后面的名词或the rest所指代的意义。例如：The rest of the eggs have gone bad.The rest of us w
3、ere silent.I finished sixty percent of the work. The rest was done by John.3. But even if his only contribution to history had been the Mona Lisa, it would have been genius enough for all time. 【重点知识】此句为复合句，主从句都表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 表示与过去事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + have + done”。例如：If I hadnt warned you, you could have been killed.【扩展知识】(1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），主句中的谓语动词用“would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。 (2) 表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式、should + 动词原形、were to + 动词原形，主句中的谓语动词用“would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形”。资
