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1、专题三完形填空三年考情分析卷别年份体裁题材命题角度动词名词形容词副词介词全国卷2019记叙文个人经历87412018记叙文个人经历97312017记叙文个人经历10541全国卷2019记叙文人物故事953212018记叙文个人经历935212017记叙文个人经历983全国卷2019记叙文人物故事112522018记叙文人物故事10642017记叙文人物故事974命题规律1短文以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议文为辅。情节往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和评论。2以考查实词为主。动词的考查依然是首位，然后是名词、形容词和副词，虚词偶有考查。3联系上下文的设空约占80%，结合语篇的设空约
2、占20%，充分体现了“注重基础，难易比例适当，有利于选拔人才”的高考命题思路。命题趋势1预计2020年高考依然以记叙文为主，选材上以贴近学生生活的话题为主，包括社会热点、学校生活、人物故事等，以传递正能量、普及社会常识为宗旨。2选项布局以考查实词为主，其中动词、名词居多，其次是形容词、副词，对介词等虚词的考查相对较少。3从三个层面考查语境理解的能力：对文章整体(文章中心主线和整体结构)的把握和理解；对上下文或句子之间关系的把握和理解；对句子结构和意义的把握和理解。完形填空解题四步骤第一步：通读全文，理解大意重视首句信息，把握文章大意，为解题打下良好的基础。第二步：根据语境，初选答案解题过程中，
3、应遵循先易后难的原则，先选出那些自己有把握的选项。对少数难题，暂时跳过；或许根据上文信息或后一两句都难以判断的题，在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示；或许一个在前面不能解答的题，在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。第三步：研读选项，解决难题借助已经填完的选项，上下求索、瞻前顾后，集中解决遗留的少数难题。此时我们要从语篇层次进行深入分析。第四步：复读全文，验证答案代入选项，重读文章，最终确定答案。A篇 (2019全国卷)Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.Th
4、ey 1 with them lots of waste.The 2 might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing，changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories，Im 4 about the placeother destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However，I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of d
5、isturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish.I find a 7 mountain，with toilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 ，in my opinion，isnt reaching the top.Mountains are 11 a
6、s spiritual places by many cultures.This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters， 14 lands of low growing plants.Further up，the weather 15 low clouds envelop the mount
7、ainsides，which are covered with thick grass.I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4，000 meters is the highland 17 ：gravel(砾石)，stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arcticlike zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mo
8、untain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.【语篇解读】主题：人与自然(环境保护)；话题：乞力马扎罗山。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观情况。该语篇能激发深入思考，关注自然和生态，探索人与自然的和谐相处之道。1A.keep Bmix Cconnect DbringD上文语境题。根据第一句“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kiliman
9、jaro.”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来(bring)了很多垃圾。2A.storiesBbuildingsCcrowdsDreportersC上文语境题。联系上文中的“about 40，000 people”可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这个地方的美。3A.positionBageCfaceDnameC上文语境题。联系上文中的“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川的消失正在改变乞力马扎罗山的面貌(face)。4A.silentBskeptical CseriousDcrazyB下文语境题。联系下文“other d
10、estinations are described aspurernatural experiences”可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严重破坏的报道表示怀疑(skeptical)。be skeptical about对表示怀疑。silent沉默的；serious严肃的；crazy疯狂的。5A.discoverBargue CdecideDadvocateA下文语境题。联系下文的“much has changed”可知，作者发现(discover)了乞力马扎罗山的变化。argue争论；decide决定；advocate提倡。6A.equipmentBgr
11、ass CcampsDstonesC下文语境题。联系下文中的“with toilets at camps”可知，这里报道的是营地(camp)。7A.remoteBquiet CtallDcleanD上下文语境题。联系上文However(然而)及下文“with toilets at camps and along the paths(营地和路边都有厕所)”可推知，作者看到的是干净的(clean)山。8A.newBspecialCsignificantDnecessaryC上文语境题。上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的(si
12、gnificant)。new新的；special特殊的；necessary有必要的。9A.paying offBspreading outCblowing upDfading awayA上文语境题。联系前文的“with toilets at camps and along the paths”可知，坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在奏效(pay off)。spread out展开；blow up爆炸；fade away逐渐消失。10A.atmosphereBexperienceCexperimentDsightB下文语境题。联系下文reaching the top可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗
13、山最好的爬山体验(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere气氛；experiment实验；sight视线。11A.studiedBobserved CexploredDregardedD下文语境题。联系空后的“by many cultures”可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂之地，be regarded as被看作是。study研究；observe观察；explore探索。12A.viewBquality CreasonDpurposeA上下文语境题。结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的“go through five ecosystems”可知，这种“经历五种生态
14、系统”的景色(view)在乞力马扎罗山表现尤为明显。quality品质；reason原因；purpose目的。13A.scientistsBclimbers ClocalsDofficialsB上文语境题。联系上文的“Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro.”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经历五种生态系统。scientist科学家；local本地人；official官员。14A.holding on toBgoing back toCliving up toDgiving way toD上文语境题。联系上文的“It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters”可知，热带雨林在3 000米处突然中止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。give way to意为“被代替”，符合语境。hold on to坚持；go back to回到；live up to不辜负。15A.changesBclears CimprovesDpermitsA上下文语境题。上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的“low cl
