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1、1. Communicative competence typically refers to how well someone is able to communicate with others, though this can be elaborated upon and further refined in a number of ways. 2. Communicative competence is important for anyone who wishes to be able to communicate clearly, especially public speaker
2、s and people learning a second language.Politicians and other public speakers often seek high levels of communicative competence to be able to effectively convey meaning and express ideas to others. People who are learning a second language also tend to focus on this type of competence to ensure the
3、y understand subtext and various aspects of communication within that language that may be subtle and complex. The idea behind communicative competence is that the ways in which people communicate can be analyzed and considered with regard to effectiveness. Someone is often considered competent, at
4、least on a surface level, if he or she can talk to someone else in a way that is appropriate and which conveys meaning in an accurate way. This actual process, however, is often seen as being composed of three basic steps that occur in communication. Planning is a vital part of communicative compete
5、nce as it demonstrates that someone is able to think about communication ahead of time and prepare for it.2.During communication, the way in which a person communicates is often considered in two elements regarding his or her communicative competence. The message that is delivered is the actual cont
6、ent that a person speaks, writes, or otherwise expresses in some way. Within this message, however, is the meaning that a person manages to convey. Someone may feel that his or her message expresses one idea, but the actual meaning might not necessarily match the intention of the message.Communicati
7、ve competence is important for just about anyone who wishes to communicate with other people in any type of relationship. Arguments and disagreements can often be avoided if people are able to effectively express meaning in a message. 3. Comment1: Communicative competence starts developing at a youn
8、g age. So childhood and education is important. But its also true that some people naturally have more skill and competence in this area. I think it has to do with the various areas of the brain and which areas an individual uses more heavily.For example, my brother is a very smart person but his co
9、mmunication skills are very poor. I dont think he will every be competent in this area. He has always been this way. Comment2: Those who want to know what excellent communicative competence means can observe lawyers. Lawyers, naturally, have to be great communicators. They have to present their idea
10、s and information in the right ways in order to make an impact on the listener.I knew many law students in school and they were some of the best communicators I have come across. The amazing part was that they used language so well that they could convince me of one thing and then argue against it a
11、nd convince me of the opposite argument in a matter of minutes. Now thats communicative competence. 4Language teaching in the United States is based on the idea that the goal of language acquisition is communicative competence: the ability to use the language correctly and appropriately to accomplis
12、h communication goals. The desired outcome of the language learning process is the ability to communicate competently, not the ability to use the language exactly as a native speaker does。Communicative competence is made up of four competence areas: linguistic, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strate
13、gic. Linguistic competence is knowing how to use the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary of a language. Linguistic competence asks: What words do I use? How do I put them into phrases and sentences? Sociolinguistic competence is knowing how to use and respond to language appropriately, given the setting
14、, the topic, and the relationships among the people communicating. Sociolinguistic competence asks: Which words and phrases fit this setting and this topic? How can I express a specific attitude (courtesy, authority, friendliness, respect) when I need to? How do I know what attitude another person i
15、s expressing? Discourse competence is knowing how to interpret the larger context and how to construct longer stretches of language so that the parts make up a coherent whole. Discourse competence asks: How are words, phrases and sentences put together to create conversations, speeches, email messag
16、es, newspaper articles? Strategic competence is knowing how to recognize and repair communication breakdowns, how to work around gaps in ones knowledge of the language, and how to learn more about the language and in the context. Strategic competence asks: How do I know when Ive misunderstood or when someone has misunderstood me? What do I say then? How can I express my ideas if I don
