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1、Section Unit 1 语法讲座写作讲座 知 识 必 备 专 题 练 习 佳 作 观 摩 技 法 指 导 专 题 练 习 虚拟语气 一 虚拟语拟语 气的概念 虚拟语拟语 气是谓语动词谓语动词 的一种形式 表示说说的话话不是事 实实 或者是不可能发发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议议 或与事实实相反的假设设 If I were a bird I could fly in the air 如果我是一只鸟鸟 我就能在空中飞飞行 二 虚拟语拟语 气的运用 1 虚拟拟条件句中的虚拟语拟语 气 在含有虚拟拟条件句的复合句中 主从句的谓语谓语 都要用 虚拟语拟语 气 现现将其形式列表如下 假设设情况条件从
2、句的谓语谓语 形式主句的谓语谓语 形 式 与现现在事 实实相反 一般过过去时时 be的过过 去式常用were would should migh t could 动词动词 原 形 假设设情况条件从句的谓语谓语 形式主句的谓语谓语 形式 与将来事 实实相反 一般过过去时时 be的过过去 式常用were should 动词动词 原形 were to 动词动词 原形 would should might c ould 动词动词 原形 与过过去事 实实相反 过过去完成时时 had 过过去 分词词 would should might c ould have 过过去 分词词 备备注 与过过去事实实相反的
3、虚拟语拟语 气 将在第二单单元中细讲细讲 此处处只列出 1 与现现在事实实相反 If I were you I would tell him the good news 要是我是你 我就会告诉诉他这这个好消息 If we had time now we should read it again 要是现现在有空 我们们就把它再看一遍 2 与将来事实实相反 If it should rain the crops would be saved 如果下雨的话话 庄稼就有救了 If I shouldn t take the exam tomorrow I would go to the picnic w
4、ith you 要是明天不参加考试试的话话 我就会和你一起去野餐 点津 虚拟拟条件句中有were had should时时 可把if省略 把were had should放在主语语前 用倒装结结构 这这种结结 构主要用于书书面语语中 Should it happen If it should happen what would you do 如果真发发生这样这样 的事 你怎么办办呢 1 1 Had I known about this computer program a huge amount of time and energy A would have been saved B had
5、been saved C will be saved D was saved 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟语 气 从前面had I known about 知 此处处是if条件句对过对过 去情况的虚拟拟 所以 主句用should would could might have done结结构 故 排除B C D项项 选选A项项 考题题印证证1 A 1 2 This printer is of good quality If it break down within the first year we would repair it at our expense A would B should C
6、 could D might 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟语 气 句意 这这种打印机质质 量优优良 如果它在第一年中出了毛病 我们们将无偿偿 维维修 这这是在条件句中对对将来情况的虚拟拟 用 should 动词动词 原形 B 2 宾语宾语 从句中的虚拟语拟语 气 1 wish后的宾语宾语 从句使用虚拟语拟语 气 表示不能实现实现 的愿望 主句用法从句谓语动词谓语动词 的形式 主语语 wish 表示现现在不能实现实现 的 愿望 用一般过过去时时 be通常 用were 表示过过去不能实现实现 的 愿望 had 过过去分词词 表示将来不能实现实现 的 愿望 would could 动词动词 原形 I
7、wish I knew what was going to happen 但愿我能知道发发生什么事 He wishes he could become a scientist some day 他希望将来的某一天能成为为科学家 Where are the children The dinner s going to be completely ruined I wish they always late A weren t B hadn t been C wouldn t be D wouldn t have been 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟语 气 根据问问句句意 孩子们现们现 在在哪里
8、可知wish 后的宾语宾语 从句应应用动词动词 的过过去式 表示与现现在事实实相反的愿望 故答案为为A 考题题印证证2 A 2 在表示命令 建议议 要求等一类动词类动词 后面的从句中 谓谓 语动词语动词 用 should 动词动词 原形 表示虚拟拟 should可以省 略 这类动词这类动词 我们们可以使用下面的口诀记忆诀记忆 一坚坚持 insist 二命令 order command 三建议议 suggest propose advise 四要求 require request desire demand I suggest that we should practise speaking E
9、nglish every day 我建议议我们应该们应该 每天都练习讲练习讲 英语语 He insisted that he should be sent there 他坚坚持应该应该 被派去那里 点津 当insist表示 坚坚持认为认为 坚坚持说说 suggest表示 表明 暗示 时时 后面的宾语宾语 从句不用虚拟语拟语 气 He insisted that he had done nothing wrong 他坚坚持说说他没有做错错 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work 他脸脸上的笑容表明他对
10、对我们们的工作很满满意 3 1 Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety A not allow B do not allow C mustn t allow D couldn t allow 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟语 气 recommend后跟宾语宾语 从句应应用虚拟语拟语 气 其结结构为为 should 动词动词 原形 这这里省略了should 故A正确 考题题印证证3 A 3 2 The doctor recommended that you swi
11、m after eating a large meal A wouldn t B couldn t C needn t D shouldn t 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟语 气 recommend suggest demand等词词后面的宾语宾语 从句应该应该 用虚拟语拟语 气 从句中 的谓语动词谓语动词 用should do should可以省略 故选选D项项 D 3 在would rather句型中的虚拟语拟语 气 在would rather后面所跟的从句中 也可用虚拟语拟语 气 表示愿望 意为为 宁愿 但愿 其形式为为 would rather 主语语 动词过动词过 去 式 表示现现在或
12、将来的 情况 would rather 主语语 had 动动 词过词过 去分词词 表示过过去的情况 I would rather you did not go tomorrow 我宁愿你明天不去 I would rather she hadn t done that 我宁愿她没那样样做 George is going to talk about the geography of his country but I d rather he more on its culture A focus B focused C would focus D had focused 解析 选选 考查查虚拟语拟
13、语 气 would rather后的从句中谓谓 语动词语动词 用过过去式表示对现对现 在或将来事实实的虚拟拟 考题题印证证4 B 点此进入 建 议 信 为为了迎接即将到来的期末考试试 你校要取消所有的 体育课课 请请你以学生王丽丽的身份给给校长长写一封信 建议议 不要取消体育课课 Dear Headmaster I m writing to express my views concerning our school s decision that all physical education should be cancelled I know the final exams are com
14、ing and we should do all we can to prepare for them Our school in order to make students do well in the exams has decided to cancel all physical education Maybe it s a good idea but I think it would be better to have PE classes There are many reasons for this Firstly physical education is a necessar
15、y part of education Secondly PE can make students healthy and give them more energy to review lessons Thirdly PE can enrich school life and increase students interest in study Lastly students need a way to relax themselves in order to increase their efficiency of study In a word PE greatly benefits
16、students in many ways So I would appreciate it if you would consider my suggestion and think about letting us have PE classes Looking forward to your reply Yours sincerely Wang Li 第一段 表明写信意图图 第二段 阐阐明自己的观观点 提出建议议并说说明理由 第三段 再次重审审自己的建议议 并诚恳诚恳 希望对对方接受 第四段 希望尽快给给予答复 亮点一 文章观观点鲜鲜明 语语气柔和 逻辑逻辑 清晰 论证论证 合 理 亮点二 firstly secondly thirdly lastly in a word so等连连 接词词的使用 使文章过过渡自然 行文流畅畅 亮点三 语语法结结构和词汇选词汇选 用恰当 丰富 如 句中 that引导导同位语语从句 句中we can是省略关系词词的定语语 从句 句中运用了高级级句型 I would appreciate it if you 表达了作者的诚恳态诚恳态 度 一般而言 建
