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1、Unit 5 The power of nature Period 3 Learning about Language 语法专题课 动词 ing形式作状语 课前热身 用所给词的适当形式完成下列句子并体会各句中 ing形式的共同特点 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere cause the global temperature to go up causing Sometimes work outdoors and sometimes meet local people and tourists
2、I am never bored collect and evaluated the information I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast working meeting Havingcollected work hard all day I went to bed early study volcanoes now for many years I am still amazed at their beauty as well as thei
3、r potential to cause great damage Havingworked Havingstudied 结论 以上各句中的v ing分词都是状语 其中 第 句中v ing分词所表示的动作与主句谓语 动作同时发生 而第 句中则使用了v ing 分词的完成时态 它表示动作发生在谓语动作之前 课堂诠解 动词 ing形式作状语的分类 可作时间 条件 让步 方式 原因 结果 伴随状语 1 表时间 1 当听到这个消息 they all danced for joy 2 在这个工厂工作 he was an advanced worker Hearingthenews Workinginth
4、efactory 2 表条件 1 如果整天玩 you will waste your valuable time 2 好好学习 you will pass the final examination Playingallday Workinghard 3 表让步 1 尽管感到累 he went on running 2 尽管知道我住在哪里 he never comes to see me Feelingtired KnowingwhereIlive 4 表方式 1 He came 跑回来 to tell me the news 2 跟着杰克 they started to climb towa
5、rds the top of the mountain runningback FollowingJack 5 表原因 1 因为生病了 he didn t go to school 2 因为太累了 we stopped to have a short rest Being ill Being too tired 6 表结果 多用于句尾 1 He dropped the glass 结果打成了碎片 2 Her parents moved to New York 把房子留给了她 breakingitintopieces leavingthehousetoher 7 表伴随 1 They stood
6、 by the roadside 讨论这个计划 2 They stood there for half an hour 看天上的星星 talkingabouttheplan watchingthestarsinthe sky 动词 ing形式作状语的七点注意事项 1 动词 ing的时态 现在分词有一般式 doing 和完成式 having done 之分 现在分词的完成式表示分词 动作发生在谓语动作之前 1 向窗外看 I saw groups of children play games 2 2015 天津高考 工作了两天 Steve managed to finish his report
7、on schedule Lookingoutofthewindow Havingworkedfortwodays 2 动词 ing的语态 现在分词一般式的被动语态 being done 表示某被动 动作正在进行 现在分词完成式的被动语态 having been done 表示某被动动作发生在谓语动作之前 1 被建 now our library will be open next year 2 被告知了很多次 he still couldn t understand it Being built Having been told many times 名师指津 动词 ing形式与动词 ed形式
8、作状语时的区别 动词 ing形式作状语时 其逻辑主语为句子的主语 且它们之间为主动关系 而 动词 ed形式作状语时 其逻辑主语为句子的主语 且它们之间为被动关系 Arriving at the airport he saw his guest walking out 他一到达机场 就看见客人正走出来 Completed last month the project has begun to benefit people around here 上个月完工 这项工程已经开始使周围的人受益 3 动词 ing的否定式 现在分词的否定形式由not never加现在分词构成 1 由于不知道 他的电话号码
9、 we couldn t get in touch with him 2 由于没有收到 他的答复 I decided to pay a visit to him Notknowinghistelephonenumber Nothavingreceivedhisanswer 4 动词 ing的独立主格结构 若作状语的现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致 时 分词要带上自己的逻辑主语构成独立主格结构 1 The meeting 结束了 we all drove home 2 The party will be held in the garden weather 允许 3 没有汽车了 we had
10、to go home on foot beingover permitting Therebeingnobus 名师指津 除了动词 ing形式之外 动词 ed及动词不定式也可以有独立主格结构 Her glasses broken Because her glasses were broken she couldn t see the words on the blackboard 因为眼镜坏了 她看不清黑板上的字 He is going to make a model plane some old parts to help 借助于一些旧零件 他要做一个飞机模型 5 动词 ing形式与状语从句
11、的转换 动词 ing形式作状语在句法功能上相当于一个状语 从句或并列句 1 Working hard with a strong will you can also make a difference hard with a strong will you can also make a difference Ifyouwork 2 Hearing a cry for help he rushed out a cry for help he rushed out 3 He stood there silently waiting for her answer He stood there si
12、lently waited for her answer Whenheheard and 6 不受主语限制的动词 ing形式 generally frankly roughly speaking一般来说 坦白说 粗略地说 judging by from 从 来看 依据 来判断 seeing that考虑到 supposing that假如 talking speaking of谈及 taking into consideration把 考虑在内 considering 鉴于 考虑到 following继 之后 concerning关于 owing to 由于 1 一般来说 girls are
13、more careful than boys 2 假设 you lose what will you do 3 从 判断 his accent he must be from the north 4 谈到 travel have you ever been to Beijing Generallyspeaking Supposing Judgingfrom Talkingof 7 动词 ing作状语时 在其前可加上when while once as long as so long as unless before after since until though although as if as though even if even though等 表示特殊的含义 He fell asleep while reading 他看书时睡着了 While crossing the road you can t be too careful 过马路时 你再小心也不为过 课堂小结 现在分词作状语用法 分词作状语 概有七意义 时间和原因 结果与目的 方式加伴随 条件常出席 时态有两种 一般完成体 主动与被动 意义须分析 一般式同生 完成谓前行 备注 现在分词的一般时表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生 而完成时表示的动作发 生在谓语动作之前
