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1、 不定式由 to 动词原形 构成 其否定形式是 not never to do 不定式可以带宾语或状语构 成不定式短语 没有人称和数的变化 但有时态 和语态的变化 不定式可以作主语 宾语 状 语 表语和定语 但不能单独作谓语 不定式 的逻辑主语有时用 for 名词或代词宾格 构成 不定式 1 作主语 2 作宾语 3 作宾语补足语 4 作定语 5 作状语 6 作表语 7 作独立成分 8 与疑问词等连用 三 用法 功能 To see is to believe It s important to learn English well 1 主语 单个不定式作主语时 谓语动词用单数 若不定式太长 往往
2、用it作形式主语 不定式置后 My job to help the patient Your task to clean the classroom is is 2 表语 I want to go home The workers demanded to get better pay I found it necessary to talk to him again 3 宾语 think consider find it adj to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有 hope agree learn would like choose decide remember try plan fo
3、rget need offer need tell ask allow advise invite warn choose follow help want sb to do sth 4 宾补 五看 watch see look at find notice 三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear 一感觉 feel warn tell allow help ask want等 e g I made him do his work He was made to do his work by me 注意 1 help 后面的 to 可省去 e g They often
4、 help the grandma to carry water 2 see hear watch feel notice look at find等表示 感觉和let make have等表示使役的动词后 面 不定式作宾语时要省 to 注 被动 语态不省to I have something to say He has a lot of homework to do He is looking for a room to live in There is nothing to worry about 5 定语 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词 则不定式中要有介词 请给我一支写字的笔 Pleas
5、e give me a pen to write with 不定式作定语时 应放在被修饰词的后面 而 且放在其他后置定语之后 1 不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系 1 动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do 我有很多工作要做 2 主谓关系 He is always the first to come 他总是第一个来 3 同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college 我们都有上大学的机会 2 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或 者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动 作的地点工具等 不定式后面须有相应的 介词 3 不定式所修饰的
6、名词如果是time place或way 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去 e g He is looking for a room to live in 他在找一个房间住 e g He had no money and no place to live 他没钱没地方住 4 something anything nothing everything 等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语 e g Do you have anything to send 你有什么东西要寄吗 I came here to see you He got up early to catch the train 6 状语 表示目
7、的或结果 in order to so as to enough to only to too to 在一些短语中也有体现 7 独立结构 to be frank to be honest To tell the truth I don t agree with you 类似的结构 8 不定式与疑问词问词 who which when how what等连连用 在句中起名词词作用 可充当主语语 表语语 宾语宾语 等 He didn t know what to say 他不知道说说什么 宾语宾语 How to solve the problem is very important 如 何解决这这
8、个问题问题 很重要 主语语 My question is when to start 我的问题问题 是什么时时 候开始 表语语 注意 在与why连连用时时 只用于why或why not开头头的 简简短疑问问句中 后面紧紧跟的动词动词 不定式不带带to Why not have a rest 关于不定式中的小品词to 1 不定式中的动词上文已出现过 下文要 省略该动词 eg Would you like to go with me I d like to 2 不定式是to be结构 be不可省 eg Would you like to be a teacher I d like to be 1
9、My teacher was made his teaching because of poor health A giving up B to give up C give up D given up 2 I found the German language hard learned B learning C to be learned D to learn 3 The light in the office is still on Oh I forgot turning it off B turn it off C to turn it off D having turned it of
10、f 4 What do you think of the school It is a very good A school to study in B school for children to study C studying school D school to study 5 a living she had to work from morning till night A To make B Made C Making D To have made 6 Did you get a job No I but it s no use A expected B tried to C m
11、anaged to D planned 7 I usually go to Shanghai by train Why not there by boat for a change A to try to go B try going C to try going D try to go 8 We agreed here but so far she hasn t turned up yet A having met B meeting C to meet D to have met 9 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but
12、his mother told him A not to B not to do C not do it D do not to 10 I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report A to go B to have gone C going D having gone 11 late in the afternoon Bob turned off the alarm A To sleep B Sleeping C Sleep D Having sleep 12 The
13、 teacher asked us so much noise A don t make B not make C not making D not to make 几对易混淆的词组 stop to do sth 停止去做某事 doing sth 停止正在做 forget to do sth 忘记去做 doing sth 忘记已做了 remember to do sth 记得去做 doing sth 记得曾经做 1 I forgot to ask you to go to the bank 2 It is very important to turn off the electricity b
14、efore you check the machine 3 I know how to make a mouse out of my handkerchief 4 Luckily we don t have much more work to do 5 She was very pleased to have the opportunity to travel while she was young 6 She has been very successful in her work and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a
15、child 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1 We are glad hear the news 2 You can t make him do what you want 3 I don t know where meet her 4 Did you see him go upstairs 5 It is better put the money in the bank 6 my sisiter is too young go to school 7 I ll let you do yourself 8 Would you like come to my home 9 Can you help
16、 me clean the room 10 You d better show him how use the computer 11 The boy is old enough dress himself 12 It s nice see you here 13 It s very kind of you help me with my homework 14 We have decided visit Guilin next week 15 My parets planned go to Nanning 16 Please remember close the door when you leave 17 Don t forget bring you bag to school 18 I m very tired Let s stop rest 19 Stop talk It s time for class 20 There is a lot of homework do I have no time 21 It s too hot here Would you mind ope
