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1、第1讲 Unit 1 Helping those in needPart 1 知识概览（1）Wordsraise v. 筹募，增高，增加 permission n.准许，不可数名词 ask permission报请批准 disabled adj.丧失能力的 able adj. 有能力的 be able to = can offer v.主动提出 offer to do sth.主动提出做某事， serious adj. 严重的 ly adv. organize v. 组织 organization n. lonely adj. 孤独的 alone difficulty n.困难 difficu
2、lt adj. 困难的 hurt v.伤害 hurt oneself 伤了自己 (hurt , hurt )pay v. 付费 pay for 与 take cost spend 的区别 （2）Phrasesin need 需要帮助的 voluntary work 义务工作 ask permission 报请批准suffer from 因受苦 raise ones spirits 使振奋 = cheer up in order to 目的在于so that 为的是 与so that的区别 make friends with 与交朋友 look after = take care of = ca
3、re for 照顾 because of 因为 与because 的区别 talk to / with / about 谈论 teach sb. to do sth. 交某人做某事 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事take photos of 照相 help sb. do / with sth. 帮助某人做某事 continue to do sth. 继续做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事 in good health 身体健康 be afraid of + n. / pron / doing害怕 enjoy oneself / doing 玩的愉快/喜欢做某事
4、decide to do sth. 决定做某事（3）Sentences1 I met a girl called Cindy. 我遇见一个叫森迪的女孩。过去分词作后置定语 called = named2 We taught them to tell stories .我们教他们讲故事。 tell talk speak say 的区别 tell “告诉，讲述”，把某事/ 信息传达给别人 tell stories tell a lie talk “交谈，讲话”，talk to / with sb. talk about sth. speak “说，发言”，+ 语言 say “说”， 强调说话的内容
5、。3 We spent time with a girl called Vivien . 我们和一个叫薇薇安的女孩共度时光。spend “花费” 主语（人）+ spend(s) + money / time + （in）doing sth. / on + n.4 I taught them to sing because music can bring then joy and peace . 我教他们唱歌是因为音乐可以给他们带来快乐和宁静。teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事bring take get carry 的区别bring “带来”+ 双宾语 -来 Remember
6、 to bring me the pictures.take “带到，去” 去- I wont take you here .get 去某处将某人/ 物带到说话人处 Please get some paper for me .carry 强调负重或搬运 Hecarried a baby on his back .5 One of them had difficulty walking . 其中有一位病人行走困难。One of + 可数名词复数/ 代词复数 谓语动词用单数One of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 “最之一”6 He used to love sport until
7、 he hurt his legs in an accident .他过去热爱运动，直到他在一起事故中双腿受伤。until “直到才”a until 与延续性动词连用时，动词用肯定形式。e.g.We walked until it got dark .b until 与非延续性动词连用时，动词用否定形式。 e.g.The little girl didnt stop crying until she saw her mother .(4)Grammar 动词不定式结构： to + 动词原形 （有时to可省略）用法： 1 作宾语 （作及物动词的宾语，不作介词宾语） Remember to pos
8、t the letter .2 作宾补 放在宾语后，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。 ask , tell , like , love , hate , would like , teach , want , etc. e.g.The doctor wanted him to have a good rest .3 作目的状语 常用逗号与句子隔开，在末尾时，则不用。e.g.To get there on time , we set out at five in the morning .He goes there to enjoy the fresh air .(5)Practicemillions
9、of 数百万的 be unable to不能 be able to能 = can since then 从那时以来 close to 靠近 in order to 为了in hospital生病住院 in the hospital在医院Part 2 知识详解一重点词汇详解：1. Helping those in need.in need:意为“有困难的”常位于名词后作后置定语in need of 需要什么 例：A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情！The buildings is in need of painting. 这座建筑需要粉涮。2.
10、Could you give me a hand? Here you are!give sb a hand: = 帮助某人3. to ask permission to raise money（1）permission n. = agreement 准许；批准 ask permission (to do sth) 报请批准permit v. - 过去式： - 过去分词： permit sb. to do sth. = . 允许某人做某事 （2）raise v. 筹集；提升；增加=move it higher第三人称单数： 过去式： 过去分词： 现在分词： 搭配：raise ones voice
11、 提高嗓门；raise a family 养家糊口；raise money 筹款； raise price 提高价格；raise ones spirits 打起精神 raise = keep 有“饲养，抚养”的意思，如： raise children（抚养孩子） 辨析：raise, rise(rise-rose-risen)的区别这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。raise是及物动词，其主语通常是人；而rise是不及物动词，其主语通常是物。例如：The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起，普照大地。 If you want to ask
12、 question, please raise your hand. 如果你想问问题，请举手！4. Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.（1）teenagers：n 青少年 在口语中常用 teen 来表示“青少年” （2）offer：v. =be willing to do something 主动提出offer to do sth. 主动提出 Peter offered to teach them water-skiing. 彼得主动提出教他们滑水。 辨析：provide,
13、offer, give的区别： 1). provide仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品。常用于provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 的固定搭配中。2). offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。常用于offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb. 固定搭配中。例如：offer sb.主动提出帮助某人；offer sb. a good salary 给某人一个好工资。 3). give 意为“给”常用于 give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物 （3）voluntary：adj. 自
14、愿的，自发的；无偿的；adv： 自愿地 自愿者 练习：1. Schools need _ to help children to read. 学校需要义务工作者帮助儿童阅读。 2. In her spare time she does _work.她在业余时间做义工。5. The children there all suffer from serious illnesses. （1） suffer：v （因疾病等） 受苦，受折磨 She suffered greatly as a child. 她童年深受苦难。suffer from因而痛苦, 指长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。1). suffer from+疾病名
