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1、Unit 6 At one with nature Using language 介词 which 引导的定语从句 语用功能 在 介词 which 引导的定语从句中 介词的选择 一定 要具体情况具体分析 有时候要根据从句的动词来定 有时候也要考虑动词与先行词的搭配 有时候也根据主 句的意义来确定 介词 which 引导的定语从句相对 正式 多用于书面语言 情境探究 观察上面对话 并完成句子 1 This is the room he used to live 这就是他住过的房间 2 This is the room he used to live in 这是他过去居住过的房间 in which
2、 where which that 3 The school he once studied is very famous 他曾经学习的那所学校很出名 where in which 要义详析 引导定语从句时where与in which有时可互换 有 时不能互换 注意以下几点 一 关系副词与 介词 which 互换的情形 当 介词 which 在定语从句中作时间 地点和原 因状语时 可以用相应的关系副词when where和why 来替换 1 when根据情况可以等于in which at which on which等 如 The day when on which she arrived w
3、as Thursday 她到的那天是星期四 July and August are the months when in which the weather is hot 七八月是天气很热的月份 这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中 如 We ll put off the picnic until next week when by then the weather may be better 我们将把野餐推迟到下星期 那时天气可能会好一点 2 where根据情况可以等于in which at which on which等 如 This is the hotel where in which
4、 at which they were staying 这就是他们当时住的旅店 Do you remember the place where at which we had lunch 你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗 这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中 如 The Tower of London where in which so many people lost their lives is now a tourist attraction 在伦敦塔中曾有许多人丧命 它现在是旅游胜地 3 why若要换成 介词 which 只能是for which 如 The reason why for wh
5、ich I came here was to be with my family 我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起 My success in business the reason why for which he dislikes me has been due to hard work 他为我在事业上的成功而不喜欢我 我的成功归功于 我努力工作 但是 反过来 for which并不一定能换成why 如 The documents for which they were searching have been recovered 他们找寻的文件已经找到了 二 关系副词与 介词 whi
6、ch 不能互换的情形 1 有些语境需要用特定的介词来明确其关系 此时若 换成关系副词 则会导致意思不明确或句意不通顺 如 The ladder on which I was standing began to slip 我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动 句中的on which不能 换成where 否则意思不明确 This I did at nine o clock after which I sat reading the paper 九点钟时我做这事 之后我坐着看报 句中的after which不能换成when 否则意思不明确 2 当 介词 which 后面接有被which修饰的名词时 通常不能用关
7、系副词代替 如 We arrived at noon by which time the parade was over 我们是中午到的 这时游行已结束 句中的by which time不能换成when或where 因为which后跟有它所修 饰的名词time 3 当 介词 which 并不表示时间 地点或原因时 自 然不能换成关系副词 如 There are three principal routes by which one can drive to North Wales 开车到北威尔士 有3条主要路线可走 句中的by which不能换成when或where 因为这里的by which
8、并 不表示时间或地点 介词by在此表示 通过 This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while 这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题 句中的about which不能换成when或where 因为这里的about which 并不表示时间或地点 介词about在此表示 关于 所 涉及的搭配是argue about 即学活用 单句语法填空 1 He was educated at a local grammar school which he went on to Cambridge 2 Gun control is a su
9、bject which Americans have argued for a long time 3 Wind power is an ancient source of energy which we may return in the near future after about to 4 The English play which my students acted at the New Year s party was a great success 5 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months wh
10、ich the sailing time was 226 days 6 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes which people were eaten by the tiger in of in 7 She showed the visitors around the museum which the construction had taken more than three years 8 The place which the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross river traffic is the heaviest 世纪金榜导学号 of at where
