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1、(一)After completing a commercial transaction, logistics will execute the transfer of goods from the supplier (seller) to the customer (buyer) in the most cost-effective manner. This is the definition of logistics. During the transfer process, hardware such as logistics facilities and equipment (logi
2、stics carriers) are needed, as well as information control and standardization. In addition, supports from the government and logistics association should be in place. Three major functions of logistics1. Creating time value: same goods can be valued differently at different times. Goods often stop
3、during the transfer process, which is professionally called the storage of logistics. It creates the time value for goods.2. Creating location value: same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics.3. Distrib
4、ution processing Value: sometime logistics create distribution processing value, which changes the length, thickness and packages of the goods. Like popular saying, “cutting into smaller parts “ is the most commonly seen distribution processing form. Most processing within logistics create added val
5、ue for goods.1. What is the meaning “cost-effective”? ( B )A. Cost reducedB. EconomicallyC. Cost evaluateD. To add cost2. (D ) creates time value A. Transportation B. Good flow C. Different location D. Storage3. What is the same meaning of location value? ( B ) A. Different value B. Different value
6、of same goods at the different places C. Different good D. Different value of different goods at the same place4. What is the distribution processing value? (D) A. Distribution B. Processing C. Sales and processing D. Changing the length, thickness and the package of the goods5. The distribution pro
7、cess value is available in all logistics activities. Is it correct or not? ( C )A. BothB. YesC. NotD. Not clear (二)An increasing number of companies are involving in international markets through exporting, licensing, joint ventures, and ownership. This trend should continue. With such expansion the
8、re is a need to develop worldwide logistics networks. Integrated logistics management and cost analysis will be more complex and difficult to manage.There are some future trends in internationalization:1. More logistics executives with international responsibilities.2. Expansion of the number and si
9、ze of foreign trade zones.3. Reduction in the amount of international paperwork and documentation. 4. More foreign warehousing is owned and controlled by the exporting firm. 5. Increasing number of smaller firms. 6. Foreign ownership of logistics service firms, e.g., public warehousing and transport
10、ation carriers. 7. Increasing multiple distribution channels. The international transport and the international logistics are same things in some way. So, when the international trading involved, the firm must establish international logistics systems to provide the products and services demanded. T
11、he most significant development in international logistics will be the increasing sophistication information system adopted and independent departments to operate.1. What is the subject of the paragraph? ( C ) A. The international trade B. The international transport C. The international logistics D
12、. International economy2. What is the same meaning of “Internationalization”? ( B ) A. Nationalization B. Globalization C. Integration D. Standardization3. What is the meaning of trend? ( A ) A. General direction B. Developing road C. Way D. Path4. The international transport and the international l
13、ogistics are same. Is it correct or not? ( D ) A. Not mention in the paragraph B. Not clear C. Wrong D. Right5. The international trade needs the ( B ) to fulfill its transaction. A. Trucks B. Logistics C. Ships D. Aircrafts (三)The characters of modern logistics are huge quantity, quick response and
14、 globalization. In order to meet the needs, information technology has become the brain to control them.Bar code, POS, EDI, GPS and internet are the main choices for the operation of logistics. Bar code system can get the goods information fast and exactly. By the data processing unit, POS system ca
15、n check the inventory of warehouse at any time. When the super center adopts POS system, it can check the sales record, inventory even cash flow easily. EDI is a magic tool that can translate your documents into electronic data, sent it to your partner in any location by cable. In this way, we dont need to make deal face-to-face. revise the documents, declare to customs before the shipments arrived, and more. Now, EDI is the most essential information tool for international trade and logistics. All of information tools are based on internet. In today s so
