《2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题14Earthquakes(词汇短语)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题14Earthquakes(词汇短语)（19页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、.word格式.专题1.4 Earthquakes【学以致用】一、重点词汇细解1burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发【教材原句】In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. but the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况
2、当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。【归纳拓展】burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然起来burst out crying/singing/laughing突然哭起来/唱起来/笑起来burst into/in 突然闯入；打断burst into tears/song/laughter/cheers 突然哭/唱/笑/欢呼起来burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支at a(one) burst 一阵；一口气；一举；一下a burst of anger 怒火的迸发He looked as if he was about to burst into tears.
3、他看上去马上就会泪流满面。The whole class burst out laughing.全班的人都突然笑了起来。完成句子（1）Hearing the news，she _(放声大哭)（2）He _(闯进房间)without knocking at the door.2ruin n. 毁坏；毁灭，崩溃(pl.) 废墟，遗迹v. (使)破产，(使)堕落，毁灭【教材原句】In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。【归纳拓展】be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪r
4、uin ones health/fame/friendship 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/友谊come/go to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉fall into ruin 成为废墟；坍塌bring . to ruin 使.毁灭bring ruin upon oneself 自取灭亡ruin oneself 自取灭亡The city is now in ruins.那个城市现在成了一片废墟。The storm laid the village in ruins.暴风雨使这个村子成了一片废墟。一、介词填空（1）After the war, the city was ruins.（2）His b
5、ad management brought his company ruin.（3）After that, the Empire Rome fell ruin.（4）The big storm let the crops go ruin.【答案】（1）in （2）to （3）into （4）to【明辨异同】ruin/destroy/damage/break在表示“破坏”、“损坏”时，这几个词所表示的破坏程度及含义不同。ruin指严重的以至于不能修复的“破坏”，但这种破坏不指毁灭某物，而是指长期损坏的结果。它也可用来表示抽象概念。Heknockedoverabottleofinkandruine
6、dthetablecloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水，把桌布弄糟了。 Thefloodsruinedmanypreciouspaintings.这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。（这里指把画泡得模糊不清，而不是弄碎了）。destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深；Theearthquakedestroyedalmosttheentirecity.那次地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。Thatwilldestroythereputationofourproducts.那要毁了我们产品的声誉damage程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指
7、被破坏的物品可以重新修复。Thecarwasonlyslightlydamagedintheaccident.这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。break是“破坏”、“打破”、“打碎”的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。注意：break既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。Theboyfellfromthetreeandbrokehisleg.这孩子从树上跌下来，跌断了腿。 Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎。 tobreakonesheart使某人心碎 tobreakthelaw违法二、选词填
8、空ruin，destroy，damage，break（1）Her heart was slightly _as a result of her long illness.（2）His life was _by drink.（3）The earthquake almost _all the bridges in this area.（4）Who theteapot?谁打破了这茶壶？3injure vt. 损害，伤害【教材原句】The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.死伤的人数达到40多万。
9、学%do an injury to sb.伤害某人injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害injured adj. 受伤的，受委屈的the injured伤员an injured look/expression委屈的样子/表情injured pride/feelings受到伤害的自尊/情感（1）The boy _ his leg.这个男孩把腿弄伤了。（2）Your remark may _ her pride.你的话也许会伤她的自尊。【明辨异同】wound/injure/hurt/harm选词填空：injure，wound，hurt，harm（1）The soldier was _in the ar
10、m in the war.（2）She was _slightly in an accident during the work.（3）I was very much_at his words.（4）This bright light will do great _to your eyes.【答案】（1）wounded（2）injured（3）hurt（4）harm【语境助记】The little hero was wounded badly in the battle, and unfortunately,he was also injured in a car accident on hi
11、s way to hospital,which let him feel hurt deeply.He knew clearly that the war harmed the whole country.那位小英雄在一次战斗中严重受伤,不幸的是,在他去医院的途中又在一起车祸中受伤,这让他内心深受伤害。他清楚地知道那次战争给整个国家造成了危害。 A sudden storm destroyed all the crops and did great damage to the houses. Fortunately they were not completely ruined.一场突如其来的
12、暴风雨毁坏了所有庄稼,并对房子造成了巨大破坏。幸运的是,房子并没有彻底毁掉。4shock n. 打击；震惊；震动；休克vt. 使震惊，使惊愕【教材原句】People were shocked.人们惊呆了。【归纳拓展】a shock令人惊讶的事 (be) a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击shocked adj. 震惊的；惊愕的 shocking adj. 令人气愤的；令人震惊的be shocked at/by (doing) sth. 被震惊be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事It shocked sb. to see/hear. 看见/听到使某人震惊。（1）T
13、he news of his wifes death was _ him.他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。（2）He _ her smoking.看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。（3）_ to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊。（4）We are to learn that a traffic police officer was nearly killed by a drunken driver. And the scene three taxi drivers nearby, who saved the o
14、fficer bravely.5. rescue n.&vt.营救;援救【教材原句】Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.一些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。The rescue workers in the rescue team made ten rescues in a month.营救队的救援人员一月内进行了十次救援。【归纳拓展】rescue workers/team救援人员/队rescue sb/sth from. 把从(地方)营救出来come/go to ones rescue 援救或帮助某人 【明辨异同】rescue/saverescue多指在紧急情况下迅速有力地抢救，后常接from，表示“从危险中救出”save是普通用语，使用范围比较广泛，意为“挽救，搭救”。用rescue/save的适当形式填空。（1）A lot of troops were sent to the people buried in the ruins.（2）Timely and ca
