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1、Unit 5 Enjoy novels-词汇篇_1. 掌握常考词汇的运用；2. 掌握句型的运用；一. 单词扫描1. 【辨析】 decline, refuse, reject, deny 这四个词都有“拒绝”的意思，但它们有细微的区别：decline指对别人的邀请、请求、建议、帮助等有礼貌地谢绝。refuse指对别人的请求、要求等更直率地，有时是不客气地拒绝，比decline的语气强。reject语气较强，常用于外交、贸易条款之类的正式场合。deny指不准许、拒绝给予机会或计划等。2. ill Two idioms about “ill” are “speak ill of sb” and “t
2、hink ill of sb”. Their meanings are “to speak or think bad things about sb”. 说的坏话, 把往坏处想.e.g. Dont speak ill of the dead. 对死去的人, 别说他的短处。3. mistakeMistake as a noun:e.g. Dont worry, we all have mistakes. 没关系, 我们都会犯错。You must try to learn from your mistakes. 你得从所犯的错误中吸取教训。The waiter made a mistake in
3、the bill. 服务员算错了帐。Mistake as a verb: Mistake sb/sth for sb/sth e.g. I think you must be mistaking me for someone else. 我看你准是认错人了。4.authoress n. 女作家 类似的结构还有：waitress 女服务员；hostess女主人，空中小姐，(火车,巴士上)女服务员； waiter (男)侍者,服务生；author 作者；作家；host主人,东道主，节目主持人5.recount vt. 详细讲; 叙述; 描述列举; 依次数说；重新计算,再数He recounted
4、all the happenings of the day. 他详细叙述那天发生的一切事情6. oppose vt. 反对;反抗;妨碍I am opposed to going shopping with others.我反对与他人一起外出购物。He is strongly opposed to the plan.他强烈反对这一计划。7.gifted a. 有天资的,有天赋的He is a gifted athlete.他是个有天赋的运动员。8.respectablea. 值得尊敬的，名声好的;体面的Our new neighbors are very respectable people.我
5、们的新邻居是十分可敬的人。It is not respectable to spit on the sidewalk.在人行道上吐痰是不文雅的。区别：respectable 和respectful respectable 指获得来自外人的尊敬，“受人尊敬的”，而respectful指对外人的尊敬，“恭敬的”。如：No respectable girl would associate with a man like him.没有哪个正派的姑娘愿意和他这样的人交往。9. marry vt. & vi使某人结婚; 娶; 嫁, 和.结婚 He is going to marry Jane. 他将与简结
6、婚。Ben and Jill are getting married. 本和吉尔即将结婚。注意：英文里无marry with sb的说法；表示“结婚多久了”用be married 如：How long have you been married to Sheila?你和希拉结婚多久了？ 10. hopeless a. -less是否定后缀，意思是：不抱希望的；无望的,没有办法的 The lost hikers felt helpless.这些迷路的徒步旅行者感到绝望。Our position is hopeless; well never get out alive.我们的处境毫无希望,我们决
7、不可能活着出去。11. approval n. ( vt. approve)批准;认可;赞成;同意The plan had the approval of the school authorities.计划得到学校当局的认可。We went to the party with our parents approval.我们取得父母同意后去参加聚会。12. growthn.生长,成长;发育; 增长;增加 Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child.运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。the re
8、cent growth in / of violent crime 近期暴力罪行的增加13. hail vt. 向.欢呼;为.喝彩; 承认.为;拥立(+as); 招呼The people lined the street to hail the invincible general.人们排列在街的两旁向常胜将军欢呼。They hailed him king.他们拥立他为王。An old friend hailed me from across the street.一个老朋友在马路对面和我打招呼。14. critic n. 批评家,评论家; 持批评态度的人;吹毛求疵的人,爱挑剔的人He is
9、a very famous film critic.他是一个很有名气的电影评论家。15. possess vt. 拥有,持有;具有;占有The country possesses rich mineral deposits.这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。16. generous a.慷慨的(+with/in/to);宽宏大量的(+to/towards);大量的;丰盛的She is generous in giving help.她乐于助人。She gave me a generous lunch.她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。17. sequence n.连续;接连;一连串(+of);次序;顺序;先后Fa
10、rmers met with a sequence of bad harvests.农民们遇到了接二连三的坏收成。18. inspect vt. 检查;审查;检阅;视察They inspected the roof for leaks.他们检查了屋顶看看是否有漏隙。Health Department officials came to inspect the factory.卫生部的官员来视察这个工厂。19. chain n.链,链条;项圈;一系列;连锁,连续; 连锁店(chain store)The dog was fastened to a post with/by a chain.那条狗
11、被用链条拴在柱子上。The traffic accident led to a chain of events.交通事故引起了一连串的事件。20. discount nvt. 折扣; 打折扣;将.打折扣;将商品打去.折扣We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。21.decline vi. &vt. 下降,下跌;减少;衰退,衰落; 婉拒;谢绝As one grows older, ones memory declines.人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。Unemployment declined to 4
12、 percent last month.上个月失业率降至百分之四。22. enquire vi. 询问;查询(+about/for); 调查(+into)I enquired about trains to New York.我查问有关去纽约的火车开行情况。We will enquire into the matter.我们将调查这事。23. rejoice vi. & vt. 欣喜,高兴; 庆祝,欢乐; 使高兴,使欣喜I rejoice to hear of your promotion.听说你高升我非常高兴。We all rejoiced at/over the good news.我们都
13、为这一消息感到高兴。24.initiala.开始的,最初; 在（字）开头的His initial reaction was one of shock.他最初的反应是震惊。25.fault n.缺点,毛病,缺陷, 错误Every man has his faults.人无完人,金无足赤。Faults are thick where love is thin.一朝情谊淡，样样不顺眼。26. sensible a.明智的;合情理的, 意识到的,察觉到的(+of)Be sensible and take your umbrella.聪明些，把伞带上吧。I am sensible of my error
14、.我认识到自己的错误了。二. 句式突破1. Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed to the writing of novels by authoresses?你相信从前社会上存在着反对女子写小说的舆论吗？(1) there used to be 曾经有e.g. There used to be a bridge over that river. 那条河上曾经有一座桥。(2) consensus n. 意见一致reach consensus on 在方面达成共识e.g. There is a growing consensus of opinion on this issue. 对这个问题的看法日趋一致。2. Clearly this restriction must have operated at a time when there was no equality of opportunity for women.很明显这种局限性在男女不平等的时代必然存在过。(1) “must have + 过去分词” 表示对过去事情的肯定的猜测。 e.g. It must have rained heavily last night, for the ground is
