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1、.word可编辑.绝密考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试英语写作试题课程代码：00603请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。注意事项：1答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。2用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题上。I. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points)The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage
2、 carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words.Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.The Positive Effects of Owning a Dog on ChildrenDogs are the best friend of children. The dog and the child teach each other things and they look after each other
3、. Owning a dog can have positive effects on a childs development. Having a dog develops a childs sense of responsibility, broadens his capacity for empathy, and teaches him the nature of friendship.The first advantage of owning a dog is that its helpful to develop a childs sense of responsibility. O
4、nce you own a dog, you have to take care of it instead of only playing it: showering, feeding, walking, cleaning up, hair cutting and so on. Dogs are animals that have to spend time together with people or they get depressed. So you must take some time to stay with it. If they are sick, one cant jus
5、t leave it alone. All of these works are required to be carefully done which could make a child become more responsible.Another lesson that a child can learn from having a dog is how to be empathetic. A dog cannot express itself with speech, so its owner must learn to understand what the dogs behavi
6、or means. Is the dog frightened, aggressive, or sick? The child needs to understand what is going on in the dogs mind. The result of learning to read a dogs behavior is that the child develops mpathy. By learning how to empathize with a dog, the child also learns how to empathize with other people.
7、This leads to the child becoming a more considerate and caring person.Being considerate and caring are important characteristics in a good friend.One of the most significant benefits of owning a dog is the example of true friendship that a dog provides. A dog gives unconditional love to its owner. A
8、 dog will not stop loving its owner because of a little anger, indifference, or neglect. A dog will wait patiently for its owner to pat its head and say a few kind words. This acceptance of the negative qualities and appreciation for the positive qualities of its owner provide a wonderful model of h
9、ow to be a good friend. A child who has learned to be as good a friend to others as his dog is to him will have learned one of the most valuable lessons in life.These are some of the most important lessons a child will ever learn. The benefits of owning a dog will last in the childs entire lifetime.
10、 The understanding and appreciation of responsibility, empathy, and friendship that a child develops from the experience of having a dog will help him or her grow into a reliable, caring, and mature adult.II. Write an outline. (20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outl
11、ine” for it.Acting out Metaphors Encourages Creative ThinkingIt happens in schools, offices, and boardrooms everywhere: someone working on a project hits a mental block. A boss or teacher might resort to a metaphor like “think outside the box” or “put two and two together,” encouraging a creative so
12、lution to the problem. As it turns out, this isnt just abstract advice. According to an upcoming issue of Psychological Science, literally working outside of a box or putting two halves of something together just might help those creative juices start flowing again.Since physical metaphors regarding
13、 creativity are so common and appearing in several different languages, a group of researchers hypothesized that they may extend beyond mere metaphors. Their study indicates that acting out metaphors literally can affect how our minds work.In the first part of the study, the researchers asked 102 un
14、dergraduates to perform a Remote Associates Test (RAT), in which the subjects were given three seemingly unrelated words and asked to come up with a word that relates to each one. For example, the subject might be given “measure,” “worm,” and “video,”and the correct response would be “tape.”The part
15、icipants were divided into three groups; one group was asked to perform this task while sitting inside a 5 by 5 cardboard box, another group sat outside the same box, and those in the third group performed the task without a box in the room at all. None of the participants knew the hypothesis behind
16、 the study; they were merely told it was an experiment on different working environments.There was no difference in performance between those inside the box and those with no box at all. However, the participants that were seated outside the box did much better on the RAT than the other two groups. Apparently, something about literally “thinking outside the box” encourages creativity
