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1、主谓一致 一 主谓一致的定义 主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的 人称和数保持一致 是英语和汉语区别很大的 地方 主谓一致的三大原则 一 就近原则 二 意义一致原则 三 语法一致原则 二 主要考查的知识点 1 主语为不可数名词 不定代词 表示单一 概念的动名词 不定式或句子等时 其谓语动 词的数 2 every each no 修饰名词作主语 及and连 接的两个有every each no修饰的名词作主语时 或more than one 名词以及many a 单数名 词作主语时 谓语动词的数 三 复习重点 1 主谓意义一致的情况 2 主谓语法一致和就近原则的情况 四 应对方法 主谓一致
2、的考查主要是根据主语部分来确定谓 语动词的数 往往与时态一起考 解题时 首先 认清主语部分 再判断该选用哪一个 考点 一 就近原则 谓语动词的单复数形式 取决于最靠近它的主语 当作主语的两个名词或代词由or either or neither nor not only but also not but 连接时 在there be here be 句 型和倒装句中 1 There be a pen and two pencils on the desk 2 Here be some envelopes for you 3 Not only his family but also he like
3、Chaplin s movies is are likes 4 Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examination after another A is B are C am D be 5 Neither Tom nor his parents at home A is B are C has D was 6 Either the students or the principal the meeting A attends B attend C are attending D have attended 7 No
4、t the students but the teacher wrong A is B are C has D was 8 Between the two rows of trees a teaching building and two dormitores A stand B stands C standing D are 9 On the wall two large portraits of his parents A hangs B hanged C hanging D hang B B A D B D 注意 together with along with with as well
5、 as but except besides rather than including like not 连接并列主语时 采取就远原则 You not I be to be praised I not you be to blame 1 An expert together with some assistants to help in this work A was sent B were sent C is sending D are sending am are A 3 Nothing but cars in the shop A is sold B are sold C were s
6、oldD are going to sell 4 A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift A is offered B have offered C are offered D has offered 5 To tell you the truth I as well as the other students hungry A am B is C are D were A A A 考点 二 语法一致原则 主语为单数或不可数形式 则 谓语动词也用单数形式 主语为复数形式 则谓语动词 也用复数形式 Mary be a
7、student Mary and Kelly be students 1 由and连接两个主语表示两个不同的概念 谓语动词 用复数 A poet and a novelist have visited our school 2 由and连接两个主语表示同一个人 同一事物或同一 概念 这时两个名词共用一个冠词 谓语用单数 1 A poet and novelist have visited our school 2 The doctor and professor be coming at once is are have has is The singer and dancer be on t
8、he stage is 3 Butter and bread is her favorite food 成对的表同一概念的名词 bread and butter涂 黄油的面包 a knife and fork刀叉 3 every单数名词 and every 单数名词 each 单数名词 and each 单数名词 no单数名词 and no 单数名词 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 1 Every desk and every chair made of wood be 2 Each man and woman the same rights A has B have C had D is havi
9、ng 3 No chair and no desk permitted to be taken away from the reading room A are B wereC isD be is A is 4 many a 单数名词 more than one 单数名 词 作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 1 More than one worker dismissed A have been B are C has been D has 2 Many a student the importance of learning a foreign language A have realized
10、B has realized C have been realized D has been realized 5 neither of u n ns none of u n ns 谓语动 词一般用单数 1 None of us be perfect C B is 2 None of the money be mine 5 The two sisters are forced to play the piano In fact neither of them to play it A is like B liked C likes D liking 6 Something everything
11、 anything nothing somebody nobody no one 等不定代词作主语 谓语 通常是单数 Nobody be here yesterday C was is 考点 三 意义一致 主语形式虽为单数 但 意义为复数 则谓语动词用复数 主语形式为复 数 而意义为单数 则谓语动词用单数 The crowd were surrounding the government official Maths is hard to learn 1 表示时间 数目 距离 价格 度量衡等名词 的复数作主语 并作为整体看待时 谓语动词用 单数 1 Four hours be enough t
12、o do the experiment 2 Ten dollars be too much to pay for that shirt 3 Thirty feet be long enough is is is The team have some good players The team be handsome has are 2 集合名词class family team group government committee 等作主语时 若强调整体 谓语 用单数 若表示组成该集体的成员 谓语用复数 1 Our team be very important to me 2 Our team
13、 be eating lunch now 3 My family be fond of music 4 The class have won the first prize 5 The committee over the problem among themselves for two hours A has argued B has been arguing C have argued D have been arguing 6 The public generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims A is B was C
14、 are D has been is are are has D C 3 有些名词本身表示复数概念 其谓语动词用复 数形式 如people police cattle goods clothes 等 The police be looking for a thief at present 4 the adj v ed分词 表示一类具体的人时 谓语 用复数 The sick have been cured and the lost have been found 5 two thirds of 80 percent of some of plenty of a lot of most of th
15、e rest of all of half of part of the majority of 名词 短语 作主语时 谓语动词与of 后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持 数的一致 1 Most of the apples be rotten 2 Most of the apple be eaten by a rat are have have are was 3 More than 70 percent of the surface be covered by water 4 The rest of the money belong to you 5 A lot of students be w
16、aiting outside is belongs are 6 形复意单名词如 news 以ics结尾的学科名称如 physics mathematics economics 国名如 the United States 报纸名如 the New Times 书名如 Arabian Nights 天方夜谭 作主语 谓语动词要用单数 如 Maths is a useful subject Arabian Nights be full of interesting stories 7 一个不定式 动名词 从句作主语时 谓语要用单数形式 Serving the people be my great happiness When we ll go out for an outing have been decided To say it be one thing to do it be another When and where to build the new factory have not been decided yet is is has is is hasn t 8 在定语从句中
