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1、专题十主旨要义挖命题【考情探究】考点考向考情分析预测热度考频统计考查目标2018.112018.62017.112017.62016.10阅读理解主旨要义11110考纲要求考生能够理解文章或某段落的主要内容,能归纳文章要点,概括中心思想分析解读1.主旨要义题主要考查考生理解文章或特定的段落并概括大意的能力。它不仅考查考生的文章理解能力,也考查考生在理解文字的基础上的归纳、概括能力。2.主旨要义题有两个设题方向:归纳主旨和提炼最佳标题。3.主旨要义题目考查比较稳定,每年都会考到12题。过专题【五年高考】A组2018年全国高考题组Passage 1(2018浙江6月,B)词数:279Steven
2、Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending
3、 an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, includin
4、g Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recyc
5、led but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusabl
6、e bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute(质疑)these point
7、s. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A.Help increase grocery sales.B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.2.What does the word“h
8、eadwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Bans on plastic bags.B.Effects of city development.C.Headaches caused by garbage.D.Plastic bags hung in trees.3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A.They are quite expensive.B.Replacing them can be difficult.C.They are less stro
9、ng than plastic bags.D.Producing them requires more energy.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Plastic, Paper or NeitherB.Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC.Recycle or Throw AwayD.Garbage Collection and Waste Control答案1.D2.A3.D4.APassage 2(2018课标全国,B)词数:264Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is
10、 used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips o
11、n how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack,11.“We love Mexican churros, so I buy the
12、m on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains.“I pay 5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-
13、part series(系列节目), Save Money:Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money:Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family eac
14、h week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.1.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.S
15、he has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.D.She has had a tight budget for her family.2.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guest families for her.3.Wh
16、at does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice for the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietC.Making Y
