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1、专题十一 动词的语态 1 概念 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 主动语态的主语是动作的执行者 被动语态的主语 是动作的承受者 理解为 被 被动语态的结 构是 be 过去分词 be动词有时态 人称和数的变 化 当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行 者 只强调突出动作的承受者时 用被动语态 2 分类 初中阶段主要掌握三种时态的被动语态 一 般现在时 一般过去时和一般将来时 考点归纳 考点一 一般现在时的被动语态 1 肯定结构 am is are 过去分词 否定结构 am not isn t aren t 过去分词 一般疑问句把am is are 放到句首 如 The toy is m
2、ade in China 这玩具由中国制造 I am not allowed to drive because I m not old enough 我不被允许开车 因为我年龄不够 Are you told to start at once 你们被告知立刻开始吗 考点梳理 1 When you a difficult task try to continue with it and finish it 2015 沈阳市 A give B are giving C gave D are given 2 Every day too much water in our school We shoul
3、d save it 2015 黔南布依族苗族自治州 A is wasted B wastes C was wasted D wasted 考点自测 D A 3 Can Mr King spare some time for the charity show If he he will try his best to make it 2015 盐城市 A will be invited B is invited C invites D invited 4 Chinese by more and more people around the world 2016 南充市 A is spoken B
4、 spoke C are spoken D speaks 考点自测 B A 考点二 一般过去时的被动语态 1 肯定结构 was were 过去分词 否定结构 wasn t weren t 过去分词 一般疑问句把was were放到句首 如 The school was built 100 years ago 这所学校是100年前建造的 He wasn t invited to the party Were you invited 他没有被邀请去聚会 你被邀请了吗 考点梳理 1 Football to our school subjects last year 2016 陕西省 A is add
5、ed B adds C was added D added 2 The new film The Left Ear by Su Youpeng a few months ago who is also a famous singer 2015 镇江市 A is directed B was directed C directed D directs 考点自测 C B 3 Everybody deeply after they heard the story 2015 河北省 A moves B moved C is moved D was moved 4 Over 30 000 for a c
6、hildren s hospital by a British girl several months ago 2015 上海市 A is raised B was raised C will be raised D has been raised 考点自测 D B 考点三 一般将来时的被动语态 1 肯定结构 will be 过去分词 am is are going to be 过去分词 否定结构 won t be 过去分词 am not isn t aren t going to be 过去分词 一般疑问句把will am is are放到句首 如 The School Day will b
7、e held next month 下个月将举行校庆 The work is going to be finished in two days 这项工作将在两天后完成 Will the gift be sent soon 礼物将很快发送吗 Is this kind of question going to be asked in class 这种问题将会在课堂上提问吗 考点梳理 1 A new road near my school next year 2016 北京市 A builds B will build C is built D will be built 2 Trees on bo
8、th sides of the road next year 2015 雅安市 A will plant B will be planted C are going to plant D are planted 考点自测 D B 3 You another day to make your decision 2015 威海市 A gave B are giving C will be given D will give 4 Do you know the old school next month Really It s great 2015 攀枝花市 A is going to rebuil
9、d B is going to be rebuilt C will rebuild D is rebuilt 考点自测 C B 考点四 被动语态难点及拓展 1 含有情态动词的被动语态 肯定结构 情态动词 be 过 去分词 否定结构 情态动词 not be 过去分词 一 般疑问句把情态动词放句首 如 Homework must be finished every day 作业每天都必须完成 Students shouldn t be allowed to stay up late 学生不允许熬夜 考点梳理 2 动词短语变成被动语态时 要保持完整 不能丢掉其 中的介词或副词 如 The old a
10、re taken good care of in the old people s home 老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好 The tent is put up at the top of the mountain 帐篷在山顶被搭起来了 考点梳理 3 省略to的动词不定式 在被动语态中要还原to 即 make let have see watch hear notice feel sb do 变成被动语态 sb be made let had seen watched heard noticed felt to do 如 The boss makes the workers work for a
11、 long time 老板让工人们工作很长时间 变被动 The workers is made to work for a long time by the boss 工人们被老板迫使长时间工作 考点梳理 4 不用被动语态的词 常见的有 1 五感官三变化两发生 look smell taste feel sound become get turn happen take place 如 The flowers smell nice 花闻起来很香 不能用are smelt Great changes took place in China 中国发生了巨大变化 不能用were taken plac
12、e 2 come out belong to break out spread appear disappear也不用被动语态 如 The CD came out yesterday 这个CD昨天就发行了 不能用was come out 考点梳理 3 某些可以和 well easily smoothly 连用的不及物 动词 且主语是物体 不用被动语态 这类词有 read write draw wash clean cook sell lock open cut 如 This kind of pen writes very smoothly 这种笔写起来很流畅 不能用is written Thi
13、s kind of shirt sells very well 这款裙子卖得很好 不能用is sold 5 一些易混淆的被动语态用法 1 have sth done have sb do sth 请别人做某事 如 I have my TV repaired I have someone repair my TV 我请人修电视 考点梳理 2 It is said that It is believed that It is reported that 据说 据认为 据报道 如 It s said that the library has a long history 据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史
14、3 grow表示种植时 有被动语态 grow表示成长 生长时 没有被动语态 如 Rice is grown in the south of China 水稻种植在中国南方 Rice grows well this year 水稻今年长得很好 不能用is grown 4 sth need require doing sth need require to be done 需要 要求做某事 如 The flowers need watering The flowers need to be watered 花需要浇水 考点梳理 1 Hurry up The exam must in 100 min
15、utes 2015 株洲市 A finish B be finished C is finished D finished 2 To our surprise the walls of the new bookstore books 2015 厦门市 A are lined with B is lined with C have lined with D are lined 考点自测 B A 3 A new school last year in my hometown 2015 资阳市 A was set B sets up C is set up D was set up 4 The po
16、or girl by the unfriendly boys when she told her story 2015 宁夏回族自治区 A laughed at B was laughed at C laughs at D is laughed 考点自测 D B 5 Does she like singing English songs Yes She sing English songs in her rooms 2013 长沙市 A often does B is often heard to C is often heard D often hears 6 If you see the cartoon film you will laugh 2013 呼和浩特市 A be made B be made to C make to D make 考点自测 B B 7 The food looked bad but it OK So we can t judge a man by his appearance 2013 兰州市 A is tasted B tasted C was ta
