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1、2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十五 S字部（二）1. shoutv.&n.喊，高声呼叫动词用法：表示“大声说，喊叫，呼喊”，shout at sb.对某人怒吼（带有愤怒感情色彩）；shout to sb.对某人大喊大叫（仅描述大声叫喊这一动作，不带感情色彩）；试比较：I can hear you clearly. There is no need for you to shout to me.我听得很清楚，你不必大声叫喊。He ran up to the driver and began to shout at him.他跑到司机那儿，冲他大叫大嚷起来。名词用法：表示“（生气、疼
2、痛、兴奋等的）喊叫（声），呼叫（声）”，可以和介词of连用。例如：Tom gave a shout of laughter when he saw them. 汤姆看见他们，发出一声大笑。（2019，山东卷，短文填空）Fairy, he shouted, take away this 47 (terrible) gift! Give me back my little gal!2. shown.表演；展示；展览（会）；显示；v.给看；出示；显示词形变化：过去式showed，过去分词shown/showed名词词组：on show在展出；talk show脱口秀；talent show才艺表演会
3、；TV show电视节目动词词组：show up露面；show off炫耀；show oneself露面；show sb. around (sth.)带某人参观/四处看看名词用法：表示“娱乐表演，演出”，或“（电视、广播的）节目”。例如：put on a show上演节目表示“展览（会）”：an agricultural show 农业展览会动词用法：表示“给看，出示”，及物动词，show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth.。例如：The children proudly showed me their gifts (=showed their gifts to me). 孩子
4、们自豪地给我看他们的礼物。表示“指出，指给某人看”，可用于show sb. sth.或show sb. wh-从句。例如：Show me which picture you drew. 指给我看哪张画是你画的。表示“（提供事实，信息）表明，证明”，及物动词，可直接跟宾语，可跟双宾语，可接从句。例如：Numbers showed a 9% increase in the price. 数据显示价格上升了9%。Research has shown us that people want not just low prices. 研究告诉我们，人们需要的不仅仅是低价格。表示“（通过示范）教，演示；解
5、说”，可用show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth.或show sb. wh-从句结构。例如：Can you show me how to do it? 你能教我怎么做吗？（2019，山东卷，单项填空）20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if（2019，山东卷，
6、阅读A）Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.3. shutv.关上；封闭词形变化：过去式shut，过去分词shut关联词组：shut down停工，关闭；shut up住口；shut off切断，关掉；shut out关在外面用法：表示“（使）关上，（使）关闭”，可及物可不及物，常见于shut (sth.) behind sb.结构。例如：She walked quickly in and shut the door behind her. 她快步走进来，随手关上身后的门。
7、表示“（使）关门，停止营业”，可指暂时性或永久地关门。例如：The post office shuts at 5 oclock. 邮局五点钟关门。He lost his job when they shut the factory. 他们把工厂关闭后，他失去了工作。近义词：close v.关闭（2019，浙江卷，阅读C）Most likely these plants shut their flowers because there is too little light.4. sickadj.有病的，患病的；（想）呕吐的关联词组：get sick生病了；sick leave病假；sick p
8、ay病假工资；be sick of对感到厌恶 用法：表示“生病的，患病的”，可做表语，可做定语；sick with得了病。例如：a sick child 生病的孩子；a sick animal 患病的动物I have been sick with flu. 我感冒了。He saved the child from fire. 他把那个小孩从火里救了出来。be sick或feel sick表示“想呕吐”，“反胃，恶心，作呕”。例如：As soon as the ship started moving I began to feel sick. 轮船一开动，我就感到恶心了。词性转换：sicknes
9、s n.疾病；呕吐同义词：ill adj.生病的（2019，浙江卷，阅读D）Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick.5. sightn.情景；风景；视力关联词组：at first sight咋一看，初看之下；out of sight看不见，在视野之外；lose ones sight失明；at the sight of一看见就；catch sight of看到，瞥见 用法：表示“视力，视觉”，例如：Annes sight is very good for someon
10、e of her age. 安妮的视力对于她这个年龄的人来说算是非常好的。表示“看到，看见”，指看见的动作，多以单数形式出现，常与of连用。例如：Just the sight of him made her body shake. 一看到他，她就身体颤抖。表示“景物，景象；名胜，景点”，指所见之物。例如：As he reached the front door, he saw a strange sight. 他走到前门，看到了一个奇怪的景象。词性转换：sighted adj.有视力的；sightless adj.盲的，看不见的关联单词：sightseeing n.观光，游览：go sight
11、seeing去观光（2019，浙江卷，完形）Instead of resting her _3_ until it got better, Mrs. Chaplin kept on singing.3. A. sightB. voiceC. smellD. hearing6. silentadj.无声的；沉默的 用法：指不说话，可以表示“沉默的，不语的”；remain/stay/keep silent保持沉默；也可以形容“沉默寡言的”性格类型。例如：Hes the silent type. 他是那种沉默寡言的人。表示“寂静的，无声的”。例如：The large house was old an
12、d silent.这幢大房子既老旧又寂静。词性转换：silence n.安静；沉默；silently adv.安静地同义词：quiet adj.安静地（2019，浙江卷，完形）I listened silently. Shes such a loser, one girl said.7. similaradj.相似的，近似的，类似的；像用法：be similar to=be like与相似；be similar in在方面相似。例如：Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的观点和我的很相似。The two cars are very similar in
13、size and color. 这两辆汽车大小和颜色都非常相似。近义词：alike adj.很相似的，相像的：尤指外表或者行为上面特别像；look alike看起来像。例如：She and her sister look alike. 她和她妹妹长得很像。反义词：different adj.不同的（2019，浙江卷，阅读B）Trampolining has benefits similar to those of running, but without too much stress on knees and ankles.8. simpleadj.简单的，简易的 用法：表示“简单的，简易的
14、；容易的”，与困难、复杂相对；simple to use/make/operate使用/制作/操作起来简单。例如：Modern cameras are very simple to use. 现代照相机用起来非常简单。表示“简朴的，朴素的”。例如：simple but delicious food 简单美味的食物词性转换：simply adj.简单地；简直；朴素地；simplicity n.简单；朴素；天真近义词：easy adj.简单的，容易的；plain adj.家常的，普通的反义词：difficult adj.困难的（2019，江苏卷，完形）The Hill sisters, who d
15、evoted their lives to educating children, could never imagine that the simple little song would continue to earn about $ 2 million every year.9. singleadj.单一的，单个的；单身的关联词组：single room单人房；single bed单人床用法：表示“仅有一个的，单一的，单个的”，仅用于名词前。例如：I couldnt understand a single word she said! 她讲的东西我一个字都听不懂！表示“未婚的，单身的”。例如：Are you still single? 你还是单身吗？反义词：married adj.已婚的（2019，安徽卷，单项填空）7.Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you?Yes, Id like to _ a single ro
