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1、动词虚拟语气I. 要点表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。1、 虚拟语气的构成 注:如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如:Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.2、 虚拟语气在各种从句的应用(1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等,其谓语形式是should(可省) 动词原形,常用于以下三种句型中。句型一:It is necessary (importa
2、nt, natural, strange, etc) that句型二:It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that句型三:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that如: It is strange that he (should) have done that.It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.It is requested that we (should) be so careless.(2) 在宾语从句中用于suggest,
3、 propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中,表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是(should)+动词原形。如:I suggest that we (should) go swimming.(3) 在表语从句中,表示间接的命令,要求、请求、建议、决定等,主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是(should)动词原形。如:His suggestion is that we (should) leave at onc
4、e. (4) 在同位语从句中,谓语形式是(should)动词原形。如:We received order that the work be done at once.(5) 在It is time that句型中,其谓语动词形式是动词的过去式或 should 动词原形,should不可省。如:Its time (that) we went ( should go) to school.II. 例题例1 We had hoped that he _ longer.A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay解析:该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示本
5、希望,同样用法的动词还有think, expect等,后面的句子需用虚拟语气例2 Mary wants to see you today.I would rather she _ tomorrow than today.A comes B came C should come D will come解析:该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气,用动词过去时表示。例3 Had she been older, she _ it better.A had done B might have done C might do D would do解析:Had she been older = If she had been old. 故该题正确答案为B2