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1、Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities A new examination of urban policies has been 1carried out recently by Patricia Romero LankaoShe is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 2 urban developmentShe warns that many of the worlds fast-growing urban areas，especially in devel
2、oping countrieswill likely suffer from the impacts of changing climateHer work also concludes that most cities are failing to3 reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4gasesThese gases are known to affect the atmosphere”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threat
3、s to the growing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to 5protect their residents. Cities are 6 major sources of greenhouse gasesAnd urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankaos fi
4、ndings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 7 benefits The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential8 th
5、reats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 9 heavily paved cities more than surrounding areasThe impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environmentFor example，a prolonge
6、d heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problemsPoorer neighborhoods that may l0 lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disastersMany residents in poorer countries live in substand
7、ard housing 11 without1 access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services. Local governments, 12 therefore,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric 13 rather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They dont impose construc
8、tion standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They dont emphasize mass transit and reduce 14 automobile use. In fact, many local governments are taking a handsoff approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their15 idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful ef
9、fects of climate change on cities. Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of 1charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London 2 suggest in a newstudy Statins reduce
10、the 3amount of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a persons heart attack 4risk. In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack ri
11、sk offered by a statin is 5 enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 6 eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins dont cut out a11 of the 7 unhealt
12、hy effects of cheeseburgers and French friesIts better to avoid fatty food altogetherBut weve worked out that in terms of your 8 possibility of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same9degree as a fast food meal increases it.” “Its ironic that people are f
13、ree to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they 10 like , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are 11 provided free of chargeIt would cost
14、 less than 5 pence per 12customer 一not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis said When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, theyre encouraged to take1 3 measures that lower their risk, 1ike14 wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of 1 5 lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal
