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1、Chapter 15 Environmental pollution control 15.1 The goal of environmental pollution control 15.2 The types of environmental pollution control 15.3 The comprehensive treatment measures of environmental pollution 15.4 Case study 15.1 The goal of environmental pollution control 15.1.1 Environmental pol
2、lution and its characteristics | Generally speaking,environmental pollutants is in lower concentration and long duration | Environmental pollutants can be changed by the biological or chemical effect in environment 15.1.2 The goal of environmental pollution control | Prevent pollutants going to wate
3、r, atmosphere and soil system | Restore the use function of natural ecosystem 15.2 The types of environmental pollution control Concentration control and total amount control Terminal control and process control Decentralized control and centralized control 15.3 The comprehensive prevention and cont
4、rol measures of environmental pollution 15.3.1 Water environmental pollution control (1) The principle and countermeasures of water pollution comprehensive prevention and control (2) Basic methods of water pollution control Physical method, chemical method, physicochemical method and biological trea
5、tment method (3) Wastewater reclamation Figure 151 The classification method of sewage biological treatment Biological treatment Aerobic treatment Anaerobic treatment Under natural conditions Water self purification Under natural conditions Under artificially conditions Water self purification Soil
6、purification Suspended growth Adnate growth Natural water and oxidation ponds Wastewater irrigation Activated sludge and its deformation Biological filter, Rotating biological contactor, Contact oxidation, Aerobic biological fluidized blanket High-temperature compost Anaerobic pond Suspended growth
7、Adnate growth Septic tank, Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Anaerobic digester Anaerobic biological fluidized blanket Figure 152 Basic process of activated sludge process Backflow sludge Surplus sludge water-exit water inflow air primary settling tank secondary sedimentation tank aeration tank Figure
8、 153 Land treatment system of waste water (4) The treatment process of waste water vThe main task of primary treatment is to remove suspended solids in sewage, adjust pH valve, reduce the task of subsequent treatment vThe task of secondary treatment is to remove the dissolved and colloidal organic p
9、ollutants significantly. It is maily used biological method. vThe purpose of tertiary treatment is to further remove the pollutants which are not removed in secondary treatment. Figure 154 Typical technological process of Municipal wastewater treatment wastewater Primary treatment Primary sludge tre
10、atment or use Surplus sludge grille Sediment ation tank Grit chamber Biological aeration pool or biological filter Second sedimentation tank Chemistry, adsorption, ion exchange, disinfection, equipment Secondary treatment outlet (emissions, irrigation) Primary treatment outlet (emissions, irrigation
11、) tertiary treatment outlet (emissions, reoccupy) Sludge digestion pool Backflow sludge Sludge dewatering secondary treatment tertiary treatment （5） Wastewater utilization The renewed wastewater can be used in industrial water, agricultural irrigation, urban and groundwater recharge, water treatment
12、.The affect of recycling and reuse in the entire water cycle is showed in figure 15-5 Figure 15-5 The effect of water treatment, regeneration and reuse to water-cycling system 15.3.2 The control of atmospheric environmental pollution （1）The comprehensive treatment measures of atmospheric pollution （
13、2）Basic method of atmospheric pollution treatment q The treatment of particle pollutants q Treatment technology of gas polutants Cleaning particulate pollutants is usually used by duster device .Divided as its main mechanism,there are mechanical duster, wet duster, filter duster and electrostatic du
14、ster. Figure 15-6 Structure profile of cyclone precipitator and spray wet precipitator Figure 15-7 Operation simplified graph of bag dust collector The treatment of gas pollutant vAbsorption method vAdsorption method vCatalytic conversion process vCombustion method vCondensation method vBiological m
15、ethod 15.3.3 Pollution control of solid waste （1）The definition and classification of solid waste （2）The treatment and disposal and utilization principle of solid waste harmlessness reduction resource （3）The treatment and resource method of solid waste The treatment and recycling technology of solid waste is mainly include crushing, sorting, thermochemical processing and biological treatment. （4） The final disposal technology of solid waste The final disposal method of solid waste can be divided to land disposal and ocean disposal according to th
