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1、湖南大学 硕士学位论文 基于本体的学习内容个性化推荐 姓名：黄海江 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：软件工程 指导教师：杨贯中 20070608 硕士学位论文 II 摘 要 随着Internet的迅速发展，全球对终身教育的需求以及现代远程教育的深入 开展，以异步教育方式为主要特征的e-Learning正成为Internet上的一种重要应 用，同时为用户提供个性化的服务越来越成为e-Learning系统的迫切需求。所谓 个性化服务就是根据用户的个性持征，如兴趣、爱好和认识水平等，为不同的 用户提供不同的服务。Internet的分布式资源环境，能够在知识获取方式和协作 学习等方面为远程教育和知识服务提供
2、有力的技术支持。Internet上的学习资源 日益丰富，但是目前的e-Learning应用还存在一些不足，例如动态异构Web环境 下的个性化学习等。针对这些问题，本文从知识资源语义和个性化推荐技术等 方面进行了深入的研究。 论文针对e-Learning应用在学习内容个性化推荐中的相关技术作出了研究， 提出了一个基于本体的学习内容个性化推荐系统框架，并对该框架中所涉及到 的相关技术作出了研究。 论文首先分析了个性化推荐服务系统的服务模式、关键技术，总结研究了 国内外典型研究项目和实验系统，在此基础上提出了基于本体的学习内容个性 化推荐服务系统的框架和处理思路；接着讨论了用户建模技术，它是推荐系统
3、 实现个性化功能的一个关键步骤，并从用户模型的表示、数据收集与预处理， 用户模型的学习和更新几个方面进行了研究；然后探讨了学习资源标准和学习 对象在e-Learning环境中的应用，学习资源标准和学习对象能在一定程度上支持 个性化学习，但学习资源标准有其局限性，它们过于着重属性的规范说明，且 不能描述学习材料的主观信息；接着对e-Learning个性化学习进行深入分析，指 出其根本原因在于资源缺乏语义，以及系统共享机制弱，进而提出使用本体来 描述e-Learning资源的语义，通过采用本体建模，结合e-Learning领域知识模型， 建立了教育领域知识本体作为e-Learning知识资源语义体
4、系，并对该体系中的各 类本体进行了形式化定义和范例分析，从而将e-Learning系统应用到在语义Web 框架中，通过增强e-Learning语义互操作能力来提高个性化学习水平；最后是个 性化推荐算法的研究。 关键词：本体；e-Learning；知识推荐；语义网；个性化 基于本体的学习内容个性化推荐 III Abstract With the rapid development of Internet, Global demand for lifelong education and the modern distance education in depth, asynchronous to
5、 education as the main feature of the e-Learning Internet is becoming an important application, meanwhile,to provide users with personalized service is increasingly becoming the urgent needs for e-Learning system.The personalized service is to provide different users with different services accordin
6、g to the users personality such as interest, hobby,and the level of understanding.Distributed Internet resources and the environment can provide strong technical support for the distance educaton and knowledge services by the way of accessing to the knowledge and collaborative leaning approach.Inter
7、net learning resources is becoming richer and richer,but there are still some problems in the application of e-Learning,for example,the personalized learning under dynamic Web heterogeneous environment.In light of these problems, this paper studies deep in the aspects of the semantic knowledge resou
8、rces and personalized recommendations technology. This paper studies the application of e-Learning in the aspects of learning content personalized recommendation.And comes up with the framework of learning content personalized recommendation system, this paper also studies the technology of the fram
9、ework. This paper firstly analyzes the personalized recommendation service system service model, the key technology, reviews and summarizes the typical research projects and experimental systems at home and abroad, and comes up with the processing idea and the framework of learning content personali
10、zed recommendation system based on ontology. This paper next turns to the discussion of the users interested in modeling technology, which is a key step in realizing personalized function in recommended system, and then studies the four aspects: presentations of models, collection of data, pretreatm
11、ent of data, studing and updating of models.It thirdly explores in e-Learning environment the application of learning resource standards and learning objects , which support personalized learning in some parts.But learning resource standards have their limitations. They attribute too much emphasis o
12、n the specification and can not describe the subjective information of learning materials. And next the in-depth analysis on e-Learning personalized 硕士学位论文 IV learning points out that the root cause lies in the lack of semantics in resources and the weak sharing mechanisms in system, and this paper
13、constitutes the e-Learning knowledge resources semantic system based on the educational resources Ontology by adapting ontology modeling, integrating e-Learning knowledge model, and gives various ontologies in this system formal definitions and examples of analysis,then proposes using ontology to de
14、scribe the semantics of e-Learning resources,and realizing e-Learning system in the Semantic Web framework, and improving individualized learning through enhancing semantic interoperability capabilities of e-Learning.The research on personalized recommendation algorithm is the last part of this paper. Key Words: Ontology; e-Learning; Knowledge recommending; Semantic Web; Personalization 硕士学位论文 VIII 插图索引 图 2.1 基于本体的个性化学习内容推荐系统框架 .11 图 2.2 基于本体的动态查询导航 .15 图 3.1 学习案例(Learning Case).20 图 3.2 基于学习案例的扩展案例定义 .20 图 5.1 基于描述逻辑的知识表示系统的体系结构 .40 图 5.2 语义 Web 体系结构层次图 42.44 图 5.3 学习资源本体结构关系图 .
