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1、2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十八 U，V，W，Y字部1. understandv.懂得，理解，明白；了解，知道；谅解，体谅词形变化：过去式understood，过去分词understood用法：make oneself understood清楚表达自己的意思；understand+ that/wh-从句。例如：Im not very good at German, but I can make myself understood. 我德语不太好，不过我能说清楚自己的意思。You dont need to understand how computers work to be a
2、ble to use them. 要使用计算机不需要非得搞懂它的工作原理。词性转换：understanding adj.了解的额，有理解力的；n.谅解，理解；understandable adj.可以理解的反义词：misunderstand v.误解，误会（2019，北京卷，阅读C）To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.2. usev.&n.利用，使用，应用关联词组：make (full/good) use of（充分）使用，利用；be in use在使用中；be of
3、 use (to sb.)（对某人）有用；for use供使用；easy to use使用方便；Its no use doing sth.做某事没用动词用法：常用结构有use sth. as sth.把某物用作；use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事；use sth. for (doing) sth.为（做）某事使用某物。例如：My parents use the house as a holiday home. 我父母把这房子用作度假屋。Most people now use their cars to go shopping. 现在大多数人开车去购物。They were usi
4、ng animals for scientific tests. 他们用动物做科学实验。名词用法：可数名词，表示“用途，用处”。例如：Robots have many different uses in modern industry. 机器人在现代工业中有多种不同用途。不可数名词，表示“用，使用”，指用的动作，仅以单数形式出现；其后通常接介词of。例如：the increasing use of computers in education 电脑在教育领域中越来越多的使用词性转换：used adj.二手的，使用过的；习惯的；usable adj.可用的；useful adj.有用的，有益的，
5、有帮助的；useless adj.无用的；usage n.使用；用法；user n.用户，使用者（2019，山东卷，单项填空）20. A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _ 34 percent believe that they will make the roads more dangerous.A. although B. because C. if3. usualadj.通常的，平常的，寻常的关联词组：as usual像往常一样，照例；usual practi
6、ce惯例，通常办法用法：It is usual (for sb./sth.) (to do sth.)（某人）通常（做某事）；longer/higher/worse than usual比平时长/高/差。例如：It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming. 讲话前先感谢大家光临，这是惯例。He came home later than usual. 他回家比平时晚了些。词性转换：usually adv.通常，经常近义词：normal adj.正常的，一般的（2019，江苏卷，阅读表达）I find it very
7、easy to lose myself in my diary when I am away from my usual activities.4. valuen.价值；益处关联词组：market value市场价值；economic value经济价值；social value社会价值用法：表示“价值”，与“钱”相关，相当于cost；后跟介词of。例如：to go up/rise/increase in value 升/增值；to go down/fall/drop in value 贬值表示“重要性，用/益处”，相当于benefit，只作不可数名词；be of great/little v
8、alue很/没有价值。例如：His research has been of little practical value. 他的研究没有什么实用价值。词性转换：valuable adj.有价值的；贵重的；n.贵重物品（2019，江苏卷，填空）45. The Book of Poetry, the earliest collection of poems, is of great value in Chinese (历史).5. visitv.&n.参观，游览；访问，拜访，看望动词用法：visit+某地，表示“参观，游览”；visit+某人，表示“拜访，看望，访问”。例如：Which citi
9、es did you visit in Spain? 你在西班牙去了哪些城市？Eric went to Seattle to visit his cousins. 埃里克到西雅图去看望他的表兄弟。名词用法：pay a visit to sb./sth.参观/拜访。例如：If you have time, pay a visit to the local museum. 你若有空，参观一下当地的博物馆。关联单词：visitor n.访问者；参观者（2019，北京卷，单项填空）10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you
10、tomorrow.A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking6. voicen.说话声；嗓音用法：特指唱歌的“声音、音质”。例如：Sophies got a lovely singing voice. 索菲有一副悦耳的歌喉。表示“说话声，嗓音”；常用搭配如speak in a deep/soft/loud/quiet voice 低沉地说、轻柔地说、大声地说、轻声地说；raise/lower your voice提高/压低嗓门；keep ones voice down 说话轻一些。例如：The police are here, she s
11、aid in a low voice. “警察在这儿，”她低声说。还可喻指“意见，呼声”，或“发言权，表达意见的权利”；其后常接in sth.。例如：Governments need to listen to the voice of people.政府需要倾听民众的呼声。词性转换：voiceless adj.无声的；voiced adj.有声的；浊音的（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）9.Could you speak in a loud voice so that I can hear you _?A. quicklyB. happilyC. slowlyD. clearly7. waitv.
12、等（待），等候关联词组：cant wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事；wait and see走着瞧；keep sb. waiting让某人等待用法：wait接宾语时通常先接for；wait (for sb./sth.) to do sth.等待（）做某事。例如：I sat waiting patiently for the party to end. 我耐心地坐着等待聚会结束。Are you waiting to use the phone? 你在等着用电话吗？口语中常用wait a minute/second/moment表示“等一下；等等”。例如：Wait a moment,
13、just let me think. 等一下，让我想想。（2019，北京卷，单项填空）1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see .A. herB. himC. itD. them8. warmadj.暖和的，温暖的；热情的用法：本义与温度相关，可形容事物本事温度适中；可形容身体感到温暖；可形容衣服或建筑物保暖、防寒；常和keep/stay搭配使用。例如：Here, put on your nice warm coat. 来，穿上你舒适暖和的大衣。Make sure you keep warm! 一定要穿暖和点！喻指“热情的，热
14、忱的”，相当于friendly。例如：Please give a warm welcome to our special guest. 请热烈欢迎我们的特邀嘉宾。词性转换：warmth n.温暖，暖和；warmly adv.温暖地；热情地反义词：cool adj.凉（爽）的：注意其近义词cold（寒冷的）通常与hot（炎热的）相对（2019，北京卷，阅读A）My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted.9. warnv.警告，提醒，告诫；预先通知用法：warn sb. about/against sth.就
15、某事警告某人；warn (sb.) of sth.警告某人某事；warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人（不）做某事。warn sb. (that/wh-从句)。例如：He warned us against thieves. 他提醒我们要提防小偷。They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone. 他们警告他独自航行的重重危险。I warned you not to walk home alone. 我告诫过你不要一个人走路回家。We warned them that there was a tiger in the woods. 我们提醒他们，林子里有一只老虎。词性转换：warning n.警告；预兆，预告（2019，湖南卷，语篇补全）In some places, fast currents（急流）can sweep swimmers away withou
