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1、河南大学 硕士学位论文 格式塔心理学视角下的张南峰翻译观研究 姓名：李平平 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：外国语言学及应用语言学 指导教师：蔡新乐 2011-04 III 摘摘 要要 本文从格式塔心理学视角，以格式塔心理学中的整体律，简洁律，闭合律以及异质 同构原则为理论框架来研究张南峰的翻译观， 发现张的文化宏观多元系统理论作为一个 整体的自足的系统，在研究和描述翻译作品时更加具有解释力。然而，作者还指出张的 翻译思想在某种程度上忽略了译者的主观创造性。 张南峰首次系统的介绍了埃文佐哈尔的多元系统理论并将其修改成一个更加精 细版本文化宏观多元系统论。多元系统论学者将翻译置入整个文学系统中加以考察
2、， 将翻译作为一种文学现象，研究它与整个文学系统的互动关系，认为译语文化中的社会 规范和文学传统制约着译者的美学取向，从而决定译者做出的选择，进一步影响其翻译 策略。因此，多元系统理论的历史性角度转变了传统翻译理论的视角。此理论通过剖析 在特定历史时空下与翻译活动交叠在一起的并存系统如何相互依赖、相互影响，可以清 楚的看出翻译活动与多元系统内各种变动的分系统之间的关系， 从而解释某些特定的翻 译现象。 张却认为埃文佐哈尔对存在同一个文化系统内的文学多元系统和其他多元系 统之间相互影响的总结尚有欠缺，不足以作为研究文化内某个特定多元系统的理论框 架。为了使多元系统理论更加完善，张将其修改成文化宏
3、观多元系统论，此宏观多元系 统包括多个相互影响相互交叉的子系统意识形态，政治，经济，语言，文学，翻译等。 本文对格式塔视角下张翻译观的研究表明： 文化宏观多元系统理论本身能够形成一个整 体的自足的系统，可以为描述性的翻译研究提供一个理论框架，更适合用来研究译者的 角色和翻译中涉及的社会文化因素，尤其适合权力关系的研究，然而张的翻译思想却忽 略了译者的主观创造性。 至于本文的理论框架，格式塔心理学对于张翻译观的研究有其合理性，原因是格式 塔心理学主要研究完型和整体论，张的翻译观恰好具有此格式塔质。一些学者已经意识 到格式塔心理学的价值，并尝试将格式塔心理学应用到文学翻译过程中，却很少有人用 此理
4、论来研究翻译家的翻译理论。 论文分为四个章节： IV 第一章，作者首先介绍了张的翻译理论和格式塔心理学，并做了相关的文献综述， 试图指出本研究的价值和理论框架的合理性。 第二章， 作者从格式塔视角对埃文佐哈尔的多元系统论和张对此理论的修订版进 行了分析，得出多元系统论具有格式塔质，张的文化宏观多元系统理论本身亦代表着一 个整体的自足的系统，尽管其翻译思想注重翻译外部因素的研究，在某种程度上忽略了 译者的主观创造性，但在研究和描述翻译作品时仍然更加具有解释力。 第三章是对张翻译观的检测， 作者通过对张本人翻译作品的研究证明其理论可以为 描述性的翻译研究提供一个理论框架， 在探讨译者和翻译中涉及的
5、社会文化因素对翻译 所起的作用，尤其是研究权力关系对翻译的影响方面更具有说服力。 最后一章是论文的结论、研究意义、局限性以及进一步研究性课题。 关键词：张南峰，多元系统论，宏观多元系统论，格式塔心理学 I ABSTRACT This paper is attempted to make an initial study of Chang Nam Fungs view on translation from the perspective of Gestalt psychology by applying the law of integrity, the law of simplicity,
6、the law of closure and the heterogeneous isomorphism in Gestalt psychology as its theoretical framework; it finds that Changs cultural “Macro-polysystem” hypothesis as a holistic and self-autonomous system is more effective and forcible in the study or description of translated works; however, his t
7、heory neglects translators subjective creativity to some extent. Chang is the first person in China who makes a systemic introduction to Even-Zohars Polysystem theory and modifies it into a more refined version by means of cultural “Macro-polysystem” hypothesis. Polysystem theorists presume that soc
8、ial norms and literary conventions in the receiving culture which is the target system govern the aesthetic presuppositions of the translator and influence ensuing translation decisions; thus changing the traditional perspective with its incorporation of historical horizon. In such a theory, not onl
9、y the translations and inter-literary connections among cultures are more adequately described, but also intra-literary relations within the structure of a given cultural system are made clear. But in Changs view, there is something to be desired both in Even-Zohars generalizations on the interactio
10、n between the literary polysystem and other polysystems within the same culture and in Polysystem theory as a framework for the study of specific polysystems in a culture. To complement the Polysystem theory, Chang modifies it into his cultural “Macro-polysystem” which consists of an open set of int
11、ersecting and overlapping polysystems of ideology, politics, economy, language, literature, translation, etc. The study of Changs cultural “Macro-polysystem” theory from the perspective of Gestalt psychology leads to the finding that his theory can form a holistic and self-autonomous system and can
12、be used to shed light on the investigation of the role of the translator and that of socio-cultural II factors involved in translation, especially power relations，though he pays little attention to translators subjective creativity. As for the theoretical framework of the present paper, Gestalt psyc
13、hology is made feasible to the study of Changs translation theory, as it focuses on the configuration and holistic construction of things, corresponding to Changs view on translation. Scholars have been aware that Gestalt psychology is useful and attempts have been made to apply it to the process of
14、 literary translation, but few people have used it in the study of translation theory. The thesis is divided into four chapters: In chapter one, the author first ushers in an introduction to Changs translation theory and Gestalt psychology, makes a literature review concerning both, and points out t
15、he significance of the study and the feasibility of the theoretical framework. In chapter two, the author makes an analysis of Even-Zohars Polysystem theory and Changs augmented version of this theory from the perspective of Gestalt psychology and concludes that the former has Gestalt quality and Ch
16、angs “Macro-polysystem” is also Gestalt-like, representing a holistic and self-autonomous system. Though Changs theory ignores translators subjective creativity due to the emphasis on the outside constrains in translation, it is more effective and forcible in the study or description of translated works. Chapter three is an examination of Changs “Macro-polysystem” by applying his theory to his own tr
