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1、AmJHumGenet35:1077-1080,1983 THEWILLIAMALLANMEMORIALAWARD PresentedtoElizabethF.Neufeld,Ph.D.,attheannualmeeting oftheAmericanSocietyofHumanGenetics Detroit,September29-October2,1982 Introductionby KURTHIRSCHHORN SUMMARY Theopportunityforthispresentationprovidesmewiththreegratifications.The firstand
2、mostimportantisthatthescientistbeinghonoredisElizabethNeufeld. ThesecondisthehonorbestoweduponmebybeingselectedtointroduceDr. Neufeld.Finally,thepreparationofthisintroductionhasprovidedmewiththe opportunitytoreconstructascientificcareerfromitsbeginningstoitspresent excitingmomentum,anexerciseinwhich
3、Iwashelpedwithgreatenthusiasmby anumberofpeoplewhohaveknownLizduringthevariousphasesofherscientific life. Iamparticularlypleasedtonotethatourawardeeistheproductofthatunique breedinggroundofsuccessstories,thespecialNewYorkeducationsystem.After arrivinginNewYorkin1940attheageof12fromParis,arefugeefrom
4、Nazi persecutionsinEurope,LizNeufeld,likesomanyotheryoungrefugeesatthe time,qualifiedforoneofthespecializedschoolsinNewYork-theHunterCollege HighSchool.FromthereshewenttoQueensCollege,oneofthemajorhigh- qualityfreeinstitutionsofhigherlearningoftheNewYorkCitycollegesystem, andgraduatedwithaBachelorof
5、Sciencedegreein1948.Obviouslyturnedon toascientificcareer,shesuccessfullyappliedforaresearchassistantshipatthe JacksonLaboratoryinBarHarbor,Maine,wheresheworkedwiththefirstof hermentors,Dr.ElizabethRussell,tothisdayhergoodfriendandenthusiastic admirer.Herfirstpublicationsarederivedfromthatexperience
6、andareconcerned withhematologicgeneticsofmice.ShethenbrieflywenttotheUniversityof Rochesterasagraduatestudent,aneffortthatwasunfortunatelyinterruptedfor personalreasons.In1951,shemarriedBenNeufeld,currentlyahealthplanner intheHealthResourceServicesAdministration,andtookajobasaresearch assistantwithN
7、athanKaplan,whoatthattimewasdoinghisresearchatJohns Hopkins,andwhowasthesecondofherimportantearlyscientificinfluences.A DepartmentofPediatrics,MountSinaiSchoolofMedicine,OneGustaveL.LevyPlace,New York,NY10029. 1983bytheAmericanSocietyofHumanGenetics.Allrightsreserved.0002-9297/83/3506-0001$02.00 107
8、7 seriesofpapersresultedfromthiscollaborationwhichconcernspyridinenucleotide metabolism.AyearlatersherestartedhergraduateeducationasaPh.D.candidate withW.Z.HassidincomparativebiochemistryatBerkeley.Duringthishighly productivephaseofherlife,sheworkedtogetherwithanumberofpeople,among whomwasVictorGins
9、burg,wholaterwasinstrumentalinpursuadingDeWitt StettentobringhertotheNationalInstitutesofHealthandtogiveher herown laboratory.Herwork,resultinginnumerouspublicationsinthebestbiochemical journals,concentratedonnucleotidesandcomplexcarbohydrates,thelatterpro- vidingherwiththebackgroundfortheexperiment
10、sforwhichsheisbeinghonored today.SheremainedatBerkeleyasapostdoctoralfellowwithanotherimportant teacher,DanMazia,withwhomsheworkedonnonproteinsulphydrylcompounds inmitosis,acquaintingherwithanelementofgreatimportanceinherfuture work.Followingthisfellowship,shereturnedtoHassidslaboratory,whereshe pur
11、suedavarietyofdirectionsconcerningsubstitutedsugars,polysaccharides, andglycoproteins.When,in1963,despiteherphenomenallyproductiveresearch, thereappearedtobeadelayinobtainingafacultyposition,atatimewhen recognitionofleadershipforwomeninsciencewasstillsomethingofanovelty, shewasbroughttotheNationalIn
12、stitutesofHealth,whereshehasbeenever since.Hercareerblossomed,andshewaspromotedfromresearchbiochemistto ChiefoftheSectionofHumanBiochemicalGeneticsin1973,andthenin1979, toChiefoftheGeneticsandBiochemistryBranchoftheNationalInstituteof Arthritis,Diabetes,andDigestiveandKidneyDiseases,thepositionwhich
13、she holdsatthistime.Shehasbeenamemberofanumberofeditorialboardsand importantcommitteesandcouncils,includingatermontheBoardofDirectors ofthisSocietyfrom1977to1980.Amajorcommitmenthasbeenherparticipation ontheBoard,andmostrecentlyaspresidentoftheFoundationforAdvanced EducationintheSciencesinBethesda,
14、anorganizationwhichhelpsforeignscientists toadjust,sponsorschambermusicconcerts,andprovidesaninterfacebetween scienceandculturefortheNationalInstitutesofHealthcommunity.Shehas receivednumeroushonorsduringthelast10years,includingselectiontothe NationalAcademyofSciencesin1977,anhonorarydegreefromtheRe
15、neDescartes UniversityinParisandRussellSageCollegein1980,andtheprestigiousGairdner FoundationAwardin1981. Thespecificworkwhichhasledtothesewell-deserveddistinctions,aswell astotheAllanAward,beganin1967,whenDr.Neufeldbecameinterestedin Hurlersyndrome.Itwasaccepteddogmainthosedaysthatmucopolysaccharid
16、es accumulatedinthisdiseasebecauseofaberrantregulationoftheirsynthesis resultinginoverproduction.Herpriorworkonthebiosynthesisofcellwall polymersinplantsmadeherparticularlyqualifiedtostudythisproblem,since suchpolymerssharewithmucopolysaccharidesthepresenceofuronicacidsor sugarnucleotides,afrequentthemeinherearlierpapers.Shequicklysaw the potentialusefulnessofculturedfibroblastsforsuchexperimentsinhumanbio- chemicalgeneticsandbegantotacklethisproblem.Inthosedays,someofthe bestyoungpeoplecamet
