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1、英 语 必修 人教版 新课标导学新课标导学 Unit 3 Computers Section Learning about Language 2 自主预习 3 合作探究 4 巩固园地 5 课 时 作 业 1 语法精讲 语 法 精 讲 现在完成时的被动语态 自 主 预 习 用所给词的适当的时态、语态填空。 1Over time I _(change) quite a lot. 2First as a PC and then as a laptop，I _(use) in offices and homes since the 1970s. 3Since the 1970s many new ap
2、plications _(find) for me. 4I _also _(put) into robots and _(use) to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 5I _even _(put) into space rockets and _ (send) to explore the Moon and Mars. have been changed have been used have been found 1have been put used have been put sent 合 作 探
3、 究 一、现在完成时的被动语态的基本用法 1基本概念。 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作，动作已完成 并强调对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系。 The new school has been set up. 新学校已经建成了。 I have been employed at the job since 2000. 自从2000年，我就做这份工作。 2基本构成。 现在完成时的被动语态的结构为has/have been done。主语为单数时用has been done，而主语为复数时则用have been done。 The experiment has be
4、en done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。 His novels have been translated into several languages. 他的小说已被译成了几种语言。 3现在完成时的被动语态的各种句式。 肯定式主语have/has been done. 否定式主语have/has not been done. 一般疑问式Have/Has主语been done.？ 特殊疑问式特殊疑问词have/has主语been done.？ He has been admitted to the club. 他已被接纳为俱乐部成员了。 Toms novel has no
5、t been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。 Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗？ Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请？ (1)since then，since从句，so far，by now，up to now，recently，lately， already，yet，in the last/past时间段等常用于现在完成时的句子中。 (2)非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join 等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相
6、 应的意思，则要变换动词或时态。 Since the products were put in market，they have been well received. 自从这些产品被投入市场，它们已得到好评。 这本书已借了两周了。 The book has been borrowed for two weeks.F The book has been kept for two weeks since it was borrowed.T 将下列句子变为被动语态。 They have carried out the plan since last month. The plan _since l
7、ast month. The host has invited all his guests to the party. All his guests _to the party. 根据要求改写句子。 Those old homeless men have been well looked after. Those old homeless men _.(否定句) _those old homeless men _ ？(一般疑问句) has been carried out have been invited havent been well looked after Have been we
8、ll looked after 二、使用现在完成时的被动语态的几点注意事项 1只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语 态的主语。 His boss has already punished him. He has already been punished(by his boss) 2带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell， make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语 态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主 语时，
9、间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company) A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently( by the company) 3带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾 语补足语变为主语补足语。 With these decorations，the workers have
10、 made the room more beautiful. With these decorations，the room has been made more beautiful (by the workers) M名师点津 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当 时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。 The boss has made his men work a whole day to make a plan. His men have been made to work a whole day to make a plan (by the boss) 4短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的 介词或副词不可省略。 The orphan has been well looked after. 这个孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。
