《阜阳市老年妇女休闲文化研究以颍州区光华社区为个案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《阜阳市老年妇女休闲文化研究以颍州区光华社区为个案（67页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 i i 摘摘 要要 随着我国生产力水平的提高和科学技术水平的迅猛发展，人们的生活水平也 得到了大幅度的提高。人们的经济实力增强，物质需求不断地得到相应的满足。 物质需求被不断地满足之后，人们对精神的需求就会变得更加强烈。休闲是人们 获得精神需求的一种重要方式。为此，我们国家正在通过多种途径大力倡导休闲 文化建设，以更好地满足人民群众日益增长的精神文化需求。如缩短工作时间， 调整假期，赋予公民享有休闲的权利；大规模的修建休闲广场、休闲绿地；不断 地倡导和探索健康、积极的休闲方式等。同时，众多数据表明我国已经成为世界 人口老龄化大国。老年人口占社会总人口的比重相对增加，社会人口结构呈现老 年状态
2、，这表明我国已经进入老龄化社会。一般来说，老龄群体要面临由年龄增 大而带来的身体器官的功能衰退、经济收入的减少和养老模式的选择、精神生活 的质量等问题。因此，他们成为一个值得关注的弱势群体。在老年群体中，老年 妇女的数量正在急剧增加。老年妇女由于历史、文化、社会等方方面面的原因而 成为弱势群体的“弱势” 。老年妇女群体面临着很多问题，其中“如何度过闲暇时 间”是她们每个人都要面对的重要问题。因为“如何度过闲暇时间”是老年妇女 在社会和家庭中所处地位的具体体现。通常，人们享有的闲暇时间的多少被认为 是衡量社会发展的标准之一，而女性在社会中的地位被认为是衡量该社会所达到 的文明程度的最突出的一个指
3、标。老年妇女如何度过她们的休闲时间将关系到她 们晚年的生活质量、关系到家庭的稳定和融洽、关系到社会的和谐与发展。因此， 关注老年妇女休闲文化的现状、指出老年妇女休闲文化中存在的问题，成为本文 的研究重点。作者通过实地调查研究发现：从老年妇女自身的情况来看，由于绝 大多数老年妇女不需要承担社会工作、儿女也大多已成家立业以及现代家电的普 及和快速发展，所以老年妇女享有较充分的休闲时间。但是从老年妇女在家庭中 承担的具体角色来看，多数老年妇女尤其是低龄老年妇女仍要承担家务劳动和照 顾家人的任务，如为子女准备三餐和照看隔代子女等，因此老年妇女又成为实际 上缺乏休闲时间的群体。大多数老年妇女的休闲意识较
4、强并且已经养成了一套由 自己探索出的、较规律的休闲生活方式，休闲生活已经成为她们晚年生活的中心 ii 和亮点。老年妇女的休闲动机较简单就是为了恢复健康、强身健体和保持心情舒 畅。老年妇女的实际休闲状况受到年龄、身体状况、个人兴趣、在家庭扮演的角 色、家庭关系和传统文化的限制。老年妇女的休闲层次不高，休闲内容单调，休 闲方式以传统性的聊天、简单的器械锻炼、听戏和打麻将为主，而对现代性的休 闲方式如上网、老友聚会、上老年大学等则少有涉猎。休闲给老年妇女的生活带 来了诸多好处：休闲有益于保持和恢复老年妇女的身心健康；休闲为老年妇女提 供了一个良好的社会交往空间，这个空间使老年妇女接触社会、扩大交往、
5、产生 一定的归属感；休闲也有益于促进家庭与社会的和谐稳定。老年妇女的休闲文化 生活中存在的许多问题，需要通过个人、政府和社区等多方面的力量来共同努力 加以解决。个人要树立正确的休闲观念，掌握一些基本的休闲常识；政府要加大 休闲设施的建设，制定相关法规，规范休闲行为，倡导尊老爱老的社会文化氛围； 社区要培训一些专业人员以便更好的为老年人服务，同时要大力加强文化建设， 提高社区的文化氛围。 关键词：老年妇女；休闲文化；休闲限制；休闲动机；休闲功能 iii Abstract Along with the enhancement of our country productive forces lev
6、el and the development of science and technology level，peoples living standard also has the large scale enhancement. Peoples economic potentiality strengthens; the material needs are corresponding satisfied unceasingly. Peoples spiritual demands will become more intense after the material needs are
7、satisfied unceasingly. Therefore, our country is meeting the energetic need through many kinds of ways. Such as to reduce work time, adjust vacation and ensure the citizen with the enjoyment of leisure right, to construct public leisure square and green space, to initiative and explore the healthy a
8、nd positive ways of leisure and so on. At the same time, the numerous data indicates that our country already become a grate nation of aging population in the world. In the social total population, the old increases relatively, our country has already entered the aging society. Generally speaking, t
9、he old has to face the facts of bodily organ function decline, the income reduction, spiritual life quality and so on. So, they become a vulnerable group to which is worth paying attention. As a result of aspects on history, culture and society, the old women become a vulnerable group. A primary que
10、stion they must solve is how to spend their leisure time. It is also a status manifestation of the elderly women in society and family. Usually, it is considered an important standard to weigh the social development. Specially, females status in a society is considered as one of the most important s
11、tandard to weigh the civilization of a society. How the old woman takes their leisure time will affect their own happiness and their quality of life, the stability and harmony of a society and family. Therefore, this thesis will describe the present situations of the old womens leisure culture, poin
12、t out its existent questions. Because the old woman doesnt need to undertake the social work, their children have married mostly as well as the development and popularization of modern electrical appliances. They have enough free time. But some of the old woman still needs to do the housework and lo
13、ok after other family members. So actually, they dont have iv enough free time. Most of the old woman has a strong leisure consciousness and they have formed a leisure life style of their own. The leisure motive of the old woman is to become much healthier and more joyful. Their actual leisure life
14、is constrained by many aspects, such as the age, physical condition, individual interest and our traditional culture. The old womans leisure level is not high, their leisure content is monotonous and they favor in traditional leisure way. Leisure life is beneficial to the old woman. It is good to ke
15、ep and promote the old womans health, strengthen the old womans social interaction, and improve relationship among family members. The questions existing in the old womans leisure life can be solved by the joint efforts of individual, government and the community. The old woman should set up correct
16、 leisure ideas, learn some leisure skills. The government should enlarge the leisure facilities and make the related laws and regulations. The community should strengthen cultural constructions. Key words: the old woman; leisure culture; leisure constraints; leisure motive; leisure function v 目目 录录 摘 要 . i Abstract iii 第一章 绪论 1 第一节 选题缘起和研究意义 . 1 第二节 概念阐释与研究方法 . 3 第三节 国内外研究现状述评 . 6 第二章 光华社区老年妇女的休闲文化生活 . 11 第一节 改革开放后我国休闲文化发展的概况 11 第二节 光华社区老年妇女休闲文化生活的基本状况 . 16 第三节 光华社区老年妇女休闲文化生活的特点 .
