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1、催化知识（Catalytic knowledge）Overview of 1. devicesHeavy oil catalytic cracking of our company is an important part of crude oil processing, mixing mixed wax oil with some atmospheric residue as raw material, using molecular sieve catalyst to produce high octane gasoline, light diesel oil and liquefied
2、petroleum gas, etc. The engineering design adopts advanced and reliable process technology developed in China, mature and reliable new equipment, new materials, and so on. The device is advanced in technology and reasonable in economy. Adopting distributed control system (DCS) to improve the level o
3、f automatic control. Equipment and instruments are based on the domestic, as far as possible the use of clean process to reduce environmental pollution, strictly abide by environmental protection, safety and health and other relevant provisions, to ensure safe production of devices. Fully absorb the
4、 experience accumulated in the long-term practice of domestic production equipment, which is conducive to long period operation, reduce energy consumption and simplify operation, ensure the high level, safe, stable, long, full and excellent production after the device is put into production.The 1.1
5、unit is a new FCC unit.1.2 device scaleDesign nominal capacity is 30 x 104T/a, the actual up to 50 x 104T/a, LPG yield is 12% (w).Starting hours of 1.3 unitsThe unit material balance is calculated 8000 hours per year.1.4 raw material oilThe raw oil used in the design is Shengli wax oil, ocean oil, L
6、iaohe oil, Xinjiang oil, etc., and 20% ordinary slag is mixed.1.5 product programThe production plan is mainly to produce more diesel oil and give consideration to the production of liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline, but the operation can be adjusted according to the actual situation.1.6 catalyst
7、s and additivesThe MLC-500 catalyst was used as the main catalyst, and the metal passivating agent, CO combustion improver and scale inhibitor were also used.1.7 design content and scopeThe device includes reaction regeneration part, fractionating section, absorption stabilization part, centrifugal
8、main fan, waste heat boiler, steam producing part, air compressor part and product refining part.1.8 main process technology and device characteristicsThe device is a heavy oil catalytic cracking unit. According to the characteristics of the catalytic cracking of heavy oil, the raw material properti
9、es and the product scheme of the unit, the appropriate catalyst and corresponding process technology for the heavy oil catalytic cracking are selected.The 1.8.1 two adopts a coaxial structureThe two unit adopts a settler on the top and a coaxial structure at the bottom of the regenerator. This type
10、of arrangement allows the two differential pressure to be large, which gives a good consideration to the different requirements of the reaction and regeneration to the operation pressure. In addition, the coaxial arrangement has the advantages of simple structure, flexible and convenient operation c
11、ontrol, large range of pressure balance adaptation, anti accident interference, especially anti catalyst reverse flow ability, small occupied area, etc.Technical scheme and characteristics of 1.8.2 reaction part1.8.2.1 setting pre lifting section, lifting medium for self-produced dry gas and steam.
12、The purpose of the Cat rectifier is to keep the Cat and the oil and gas in uniform contact to form the piston flow.1.8.2.2 type LPC type high efficiency atomizing nozzle is adopted. Improve the atomization effect, increase the yield of light oil, reduce the dry gas and coke yield.1.8.2.3 riser is eq
13、uipped with injection reaction terminator in the upper part of the riser. In order to inhibit the two reactions such as hydrogen transfer and reduce the thermal cracking reaction, the flexibility and adaptability of operation are increased.Rapid riser separation technology for 1.8.2.4 riser. Riser o
14、utlet by cyclone with single rotation and the approximate direct technology, Cat and rapid reaction oil and gas separation, to reduce the contact time of residence time of oil and gas in the high temperature zone and Cat, thereby reducing the dry gas production.1.8.2.5 adopts two stage stripping. Im
15、proving the stripping efficiency is an important means to reduce the coke production rate, which is of great benefit for reducing the coke load of regenerator and reducing the hydrothermal deactivation of catalyst. Two stage stripping was adopted to improve the contact between stripping steam and Ca
16、t, and the longer residence time of catalyst and higher stripping temperature were helpful to improve the stripping efficiency.Process technology and characteristics of 1.8.3 regeneration part1.8.3.l. the device is used for single stage regeneration.Complete regeneration technology of 1.8.3.2 using CO combustion improver. Under the condition of energy saving, the carbon content in th
