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1、论“抗日民族统一战线经济政策”以陕甘宁边区为代表研究 湘潭大学 硕士学位论文 论“抗日民族统一战线的经济政策”以陕甘宁边区为代表 的研究 姓名：肖寒 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：党史 指导教师：赵彤 20070501 摘 要 第五次反“围剿”失败后，中国共产党领导下的工农红军被迫转战陕北，在陕甘宁 地区开辟新根据地。抗日战争全面爆发以后，陕甘宁边区作为中共中央所在地，它的存 在和发展对党的生存和壮大至关重要，对中国抗战走势影响甚大。为共同抗击日寇，共 产党与国民党第二次携手，结成了抗日民族统一战线。1937 年9 月6 日，陕甘宁边区政 府在延安正式宣布成立。国民党政府给边区政府提供经费支持，外
2、界的援助也能够比较 顺利地到达边区政府，边区经济发展赢得宝贵的机会。然而，随着战局的发展，国民党 政府对共产党的政策也发生转变，不但停发经费而且对边区实施围困，使得边区几乎与 外界断绝联系，发展举步维艰。但是，边区军民在毛泽东同志的领导下，贯彻抗日救 国十大纲领，提出陕甘宁边区施政纲领，继续坚决执行抗日民族统一战线政策，特 别是坚决执行了抗日民族统一战线的经济政策，充分团结了贫农、富农、地主、资本家 和私营工商业者等各阶级阶层力量，确保了陕甘宁边区经济的稳定和发展，为争取抗日 战争的胜利打下了坚实的物质基础。纵观整个抗战时期，边区的经济发展明显呈现出阶 段性的特点。根据战事发展和内外环境，本文
3、以陕甘宁边区为代表，对边区的“抗日民 族统一战线的经济政策”分三个阶段进行研究，充分把握其对于其他抗日根据地经济政 策制定的示范作用、争取抗战最后胜利的重大意义以及对日后党的经济政策制订和执行 的启发意义。 关键词：抗日战争；陕甘宁边区；抗日民族统一战线的经济政策 3 ABSTRACT After the failure of the fifth Anti-besieged, the Red Army under the leadership of the Communist Party was forced to fight in northern Shaanxi, Opening a ne
4、w base in the Shaanxi - Gansu - Ningxia region. After the Sino-Japanese War broke out, as a location of the Communist Party of China Central Committee , the existence and development of the Shaanxi - Gansu - Ningxia region is crucial to the Partys survival and growth and it also has great influence
5、on the trend of the war against Japan. For the common fight against the Japanese , it is the second time that the Communist Party and the Kuomintang have got together to form the Anti-Japanese National United Front. On September 6, 1937, the government of the Shaanxi - Gansu - Ningxia Border Region
6、in Yanan was officially announced. The Kuomintang government provided financial support for the CPC. External assistance may relatively smoothly arrive at the border region government, border area economic development win precious time. However, with the development of the situation of the war, the
7、Kuomintang governments policy towards the Communist Party has changed. It not only stopped funds but also implemented the siege , almost cutting off the links between the border area and the outside world, making the border region develop with much difficulties. However, the soldiers and civilians u
8、nder the leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong, and implementing the Ten Point Program for the Anti-Japanese National salvation Shaanxi-policy agenda, to continue to resolutely implement the Anti-Japanese National United Front policy, especially to resolutely implement the anti-Japanese national united f
9、ront in economic policy, the full unity of the rural poor or rich peasants, landowners, capitalists and private sectors of the business community and other forces to ensure that the Shaanxi - Gansu - Ningxia Border Region economic stability and development. To strive for the victory of the War of Re
10、sistance Against Japan has laid a solid material foundation. Looks over the entire war period, the border regions economic development has obviously taken on characteristics of different stages. According to the development of the war and the internal and external environment. In this paper, Anti-Ja
11、panese National United Fronts economic policy was categorized into three stages, fully grasping its model effect for other anti-Japanese bases to work out the economic policy, its important significance to strive for the last victory in the war of anti-Japanese and its enlightening significance to t
12、he partys making and carrying out the economic policies in the future. Keywords : Sino-Japanese War ；Shaanxi - Gansu - Ningxia Border Region; Anti-Japanese National United Fronts economic policy 4 引 言 1937 年 7 月7 日爆发的“卢沟桥事变”，标志着日本帝国主义开始全面入侵 中国，中日民族矛盾上升为中国社会的主要矛盾，这对多灾多难的中华民族来说 又是一场巨大的灾难。面对疯狂的日本军国主义分子，亡国亡家的危险已然迫近， 没有选择的中国人民必须拿起武器进行抵抗才能生存。而此时的中国，掌握政权 的国民党竭力企图消灭代表劳苦大众利益对其政权产生巨大威胁而又生机勃勃 的中国共产党。国难当头，匹夫有责！国民党的“剿共”政策遭到了全国人民的 谴责，就连国民党内部也出现了巨大的分歧甚至反抗。不抗日，共产党不答应， 全国人民不答应。国民党必须做出转变才能赢得民心，维系它的政权。在共产党 以及各要求抗日力量的抗争下，国民党政府放
