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1、密 级： 学校代码：10075 分类号： 学 号： 20090017 哲学硕士学位论文 荀子礼法思想研究 学位申请人： 李旭冲 指 导 教 师 ： 孟晓路 副教授 学 位 类 别 ： 哲学硕士 学 科 专 业 ： 中国哲学 授 予 单 位 ： 河北大学 答 辩 日 期 ： 二一二年六月 Classified Index: CODE:10075 U.D.C: No:20090017 A Dissertation for the Degree of M. Philosophy The research about rituals and the law of Xunzi Candidate: Li
2、xuchong Supervisor: Associate Prof. Mengxiaolu Academic Degree Applied: Master of Philosophy Specialty: Chinese Philosophy University: HeBei University Date of Oral Examination: June，2012 摘 要 I 摘 要 荀子是战国末年从儒学向法家思想转变的过渡性人物， 荀学的概念在于重塑儒学的 核心价值，根本意义上是将儒学理念中的“礼”进行改造， “礼”的概念从孔子时代具 有的典章礼乐等制度向孟子时代具有等级区别的内涵过
3、渡，到荀子时，已然抛开形而上 的礼，以及因维护礼制所构建的一套人性本善的观念，而倡导人性本恶，也正是于此， 荀子又推出了，后天之礼是“伪”的学说，这在儒学的延承之中无疑是具有颠覆性的影 响。然而，倘若从荀子所接受的齐学文化入手，则可以理解，荀子并非是数典忘祖，反 而是将儒学的思想加以变易，使得其更适合当时时代的发展，荀学正是综合各家学说而 建立的融汇思想体系，因此荀子并未抛弃其鲁学的传统，相反，荀子的思想其实是“隆 礼重法”乃至“礼法并行”的，只有理解了这点，才能清晰的把握其内涵，而不至于为 荀学中的名相所遮蔽而对荀子大加斥责。 首先他对前代礼法的本质进行了批判，荀学中的根本即是人性本恶，而人
4、性本恶正 是荀子因时代因素所强调的根本，只有以善为“伪”才能重新对人性进行认识，才有继 续讨论问题的必要，否则难逃传统儒学的窠臼，在荀子看来只有谈性恶，相反才需要后 天的制礼做乐，而“性”的理解也贯穿在荀子对其他名相的解释之中。荀子的另一大贡 献就是因其游历，而采纳鲁学与齐学中的精华因素，对其礼乐学说进行改革，礼中包含 强烈的道德、宗教作用，法则不是。礼是柔性的，法是刚性的。证实途径，礼主要靠自 觉和舆论，法则靠暴力。据此荀子推出了引法入礼和礼法结合，并且另一方面又强调引 礼入法，以礼统法。并于此之上对君主的统治角度进行分析，建立荀学中的“治人”之 说，而荀子对齐鲁学说的损益也就最终奠定了他位
5、于战国末期的转型任务。 荀学是救世的学说，其每个基点都围绕着具体的实践操作而讨论，抛弃了先前的空 谈玄虚，而将义理于社会的秩序相结合，这也是荀学的一大突破，这并不意味着荀子沦 为纵横家或后期的法家， 相反， 荀子坚守着儒家的最后底线， 将儒家改头换面重新推出， 这不可不谓是荀子的一大进步。 关键词 荀子 礼法 齐鲁之学 儒家规则 Abstract II Abstract Xun zi is from the warring states period dynasty Confucianism thought transformation to the transitional characte
6、r legalists, xun zis doctrine is to reshape the Confucianism concept core value, fundamental sense is Confucianism to the concept “the ritual“ reform, “the ritual“ the concept from times of Confucius has laws such as music system to mencius is the connotation of the difference between age level tran
7、sition, to xun zi, has put aside metaphysical ritual, and evidence for the maintenance of the established a set of the goodness of ideas, and advocating the human nature this evil, it is also in this, and xun zi and rolled out, the dedication of the day after tomorrow is “false“ the theory, this in
8、Confucianism is undoubtedly the blades &vanes as well as subversive impact. However, if accepted from xun zis study of culture, can understand, xunzi is not forget ancestors several standard, it is the thought of Confucianism to be easy, that make it more suitable for when the development of The Tim
9、es, XunXue is the integrated and built with his theory thought system, so did not abandon its lu xun zi learn traditional, instead, xuns thought is actually “long ceremony heavy method“ and “legal parallel“, only understanding this, to clear grasp its connotation, and not for the name XunXue phase t
10、o cover and xun zi had rebuked. He first before the essence of Confucianism and to criticize, XunXue of fundamental that is human nature this evil, and human nature this evil is because of the eras emphasis on factors of fundamental, only take friendly “false“ to go back to understanding the human n
11、ature, will have continued to discuss the problems of the necessary, otherwise not traditional Confucianisms misconduct, it seems that the only talk about sex in xunzi evil, instead they need to do the ritual music of the day after tomorrow, and “sex“ understanding will throughout to other name xun
12、zi is among the explanation. Xunzis another big contribution is because of its travel, and adopted in learning and learn together the robust essence factors, the ritual and music theory to reform, the ritual contains strong moral, religious action, law is not. Courtesy is flexible, law is violent. T
13、hat way, mainly by ritual consciously and public opinion, law by violence. Xun zi launched lead law on the propriety ritual and combination, and on the other hand, insist on introducing Confucianism into laws, with the ceremony all method. In the above the rule of the Angle of the analysis, a XunXue
14、 of the “cure people“, and the profits and losses of the theory of qilu xun zi is finally laid in the transformation of the warring states period end his task. Abstract III XunXue is the doctrine of the gentiles, whose every basis points around the concrete practice operation and discussion, abandon
15、ed the previous therefore empty talk, and the social order will be philosophical connotation combined, this is a big break xun zis doctrine, this does not mean that xunzi and home or later into legalists, instead, xunzi clung to the Confucian doctrine of the last bottom line, the Confucian to launch something different, this is not true of xunzi a big improvement. Keywords Xunzi，Etiquette，QiLu culture，Confucianism Rule 目 录 IV 目 录 绪 论1 第 1 章 荀子礼法思想的产生 3 1.1 时代背景
