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1、大学英语四级语法精要(上、下)大学英语语法精要(上、下) 大学英语四级语法精要(上) 1. 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现 在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. Ive been writing letters for an hour. Ive been sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 Id been working for some time when he called. We had bee
2、n waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another months time shell have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one be
3、fore lunch. Theyll have hit the years target by the end of October. 2. 语态 1) 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有 assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understan
4、d等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 2) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 a) 双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一
5、个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. b) 宾补结构的被动语态: She was called Big Sister by everybody. Then he was made a squad leader. He was considered quite qualified for the job. T
6、he room was always kept clean and tidy. 3. 短语动词 1) Vi + adv The plane took off two hours late. 2) Vi + prep They looked round the Cathedral. 大学英语四级语法精要(上、下) 大学英语四级语法精要(上) 1. 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现 在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. Ive been writing letters for an hour. Ive been
7、sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 Id been working for some time when he called. We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another months time s
8、hell have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch. Theyll have hit the years target by&nb 上一篇英语： 疯狂英语356句（2008奥运版）下一篇英语： 外贸传真要注意的句型和语法查看更多关于CET语法的文章网友同时还浏览了：to make a monkey out of somebodisturb 打扰，妨碍，激荡(水面)hot
9、seatspread 展开，铺开，散布，传播，hot and botheredrelease释放，免除，放松，松开cet大学英语四级语法精要(上、下)sp;the end of October. 2. 语态 1) 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有 assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presum
10、e,report,say,suppose,understand等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如: Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 2) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 a) 双宾语结构
11、的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语, 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语. He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. b) 宾补结构的被动语态: She was called Big Sister by everybody. Then he was made a squad leader. He was considered
12、quite qualified for the job. The room was always kept clean and tidy. 3. 短语动词 1) Vi + adv The plane took off two hours late. 2) Vi + prep They looked round the Cathedral. 3) Vi + prep (有被动语态) Shes looking after her sisters children. The children were always well looked after. 4) Vi + adv + prep I be
13、gan to look forward to their visits. 5) Vt + O + adv Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children. The children were brought up by their mother. They took him on. 6) Vt + adv + O (无被动语态) I am trying to give up smoking. 7) Vt + O + prep We talked Donald into agreement. 4. 省略 1) 在以as,
14、 than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略: 在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含 有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一 部分(特别是动词be)省略掉. a) Look out for cars when crossing the street. When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project. Although no
15、t yet six months old, she was able to walk without support. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful. Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity. This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong. Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out. She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry. She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health. Fill in the application as instructed. Whenever known, such facts should be repor
