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1、第六章频率与概率主备材料（The sixth chapter is the main materials of frequency and probability）The sixth chapter is the main materials of frequency and probabilityThird mathematics group, third experimental middle school, Hejin, ShanxiThis chapter is based on the two methods of probability calculation - theoreti
2、cal calculation and experimental estimation. There is no theory of probability or probability theory although there, but its calculation is beyond the cognitive level of the students, the test simulation obtains the estimation by the students, to estimate the probability of random events, the relati
3、onship between the frequency and the probability to make the students understand the events, this chapter also introduces two kinds of calculation method of probability - tree and list method, and the relationship between the test frequency and probability theory, some theoretical basis for revealin
4、g the strengthening of statistical inference, probability and statistics, so we should start the study of this chapter in the specific activities, let the students experience focus on test frequency stability in probability theory.Section 6.1 frequency and probabilityI. clear tasks1, clear how to co
5、mplete a touch card test?2, the possibility of the emergence of a variety of circumstances, in the same case, how to seek probability?(directly using a tree or list method)3, the possibility of a variety of circumstances arise in different cases, how to seek probability? (you have to try to re - par
6、tition the parts and divide them into areas of the same size, so you can use the tree diagram or the table method to find the probabilities.)Emphasis: the probability of occurrence of a variety of situations must be the same when using a tree chart or a table method.Two, students problems1, for no r
7、eturn of the ball, the game will not seek probability.2, the actual problems will not be translated into mathematical problems.Mathematical understanding of the 3 question: Xiao Hong next time the probability of getting the car is essentially: Xiao Ming and Xiao Hong two dice and 7 points thrown pro
8、bability.Section 6.2 needle testI. Analysis of teaching materials:In this section, students are asked to realize that when the number of trials is large, the test frequency is stable to the theoretical probability, and the probability of an event is estimated accordingly. But the students have not y
9、et have this experience, test simulation obtains the estimation by means of probability theory only, this section relates to the theoretical calculation is beyond the cognitive level of the students, this section selects the history of the more famous needle test for the subject, trying to make stud
10、ents through personally test, statistical process to estimate the probability of complex events experience with test methods.The first question in the textbook, and guide students to think can use the list or tree for the needle parallel lines intersect with the probability of an attempt to arouse s
11、tudents cognitive conflict and produce test estimates of desire, and then through the do the estimation of the probability, therefore this lesson is basically a festival class. Summary of test activities and test data can be organized and completed by the students themselves, during the test, a cloc
12、kwise and line is difficult to judge whether the intersection, this can guide students to ignore the test, re needle, or that do not intersect the intersection, half meter etc.Two, teaching objectives:The probability of the occurrence of some complex random events can be estimated by experimental me
13、thods. Through experiments, statistics and other activities, students can further develop their awareness and ability in cooperation and communication.Three, teaching focus:The probability of the occurrence of some complex random events can be estimated by experimental methods.Four, teaching difficu
14、lties:By means of repeated experiments, the experimental frequency is stable to theoretical probability.Five, teaching methods:Group activities.Six, teaching ideas:1, raise new questions and introduce new courses.What is the premise of the probability of a random event calculated by a tree or column
15、 table in a?(the result of the test is equal to possible, and the result of the test must be limited.)B, a figure throwing needle, needle and nail with equal likelihood?2, group activitiesFrom a certain height of the pin after landing a nail tip or a cap. Which event is the most likely to occur?Acti
16、vities: group cooperation, communication, the whole class summary test data, each group 20 times to do the test.The statistical data (cap with frequency) painted line graph.The estimated probability of a cap is about 0.565.3, group activities (two)Throwing needle test:Activities: grouping, two groups. Take a blank sheet of paper and
