《从生物量生产丙烯酸的研究和开发进展》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《从生物量生产丙烯酸的研究和开发进展（14页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、从生物量生产丙烯酸的研究和开发进展ChineseChem.Eng.,14(4)4l9_427(2006)REVIEWSAdvancesintheResearchandDevelopmentofAcrylicAcidProductionfromBiomassxuXiaobo(许晓波),LINJianping(林建平)andCENPeilin(岑沛霖)料InstituteofBioengineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310027,ChinaAbstractTheshortageofpetroleumhasresultedinworIdwideefforts
2、toproducechemicalsfromrenewablere.sources.Amongtheseattempts,thepossibihtyofproducingacrylicacidfrombiomasshascaughttheeyeofmanyresearchers.Convertingthecarbohydratesfirsttolacticacidbyfermentationandthendehydratinglacticacidtoacrylicacidishithertothemosteffectivewayforproducingacrylicacidfrombiomas
3、s.lethelacticacidfer-mentationhasbeencommercializedsincelongertimes,thedehydrationprocessoflacticacidisstillunderdeve1.opmentbecauseofitslowyield.Furthereffortsshouldbemadebeforethisprocessbecameeconomicallyfeasible.Becauseoftheexistenceofacrylicacidpathwaysinsomemicroorganisms.strainimprovementandm
4、etabolicen.gineeringprovidesalsoapossibilitytoproduceacrylicaciddirectlyfrombiomassbyfermentation.Keywordsrenewableresource,acrylicacid,biomass,lacticacidlINIRoDUCTIoNEnergyresourcesaredividedintotwocategories:renewableandnon-renewable.Thefossilenergyre-sources,suchaspetroleum,coal,naturalgasandnu-c
5、learenergy,arenonrenewable,whereassolarenergy,hydraulicenergy,windpoweraswellasbiomass,etc.,arerenewable,Nowadays,worldwideeffortstoreduceatmosphericCO2emissionsandtoovercometheshortageandsharppriceriseoffossilenergyresources,especiallypetroleum,simultaneouslytriggerresearchonbiomass-basedtechnologi
6、es.Renewableresourceshavebeguntobecomeapopularphrase.Therenewableresourcesareinexhaustibleandclean,amongwhich,biomassisofparticularimpor-tance.Biomassistheproductofphotosynthesisofplantsandmicroorganismsthatisproducedinhugequantitieseveryyear.Themajorityofbiomassishy-drocarbons,suchasstarch,semi-cel
7、luloseandcellu-lose,whichcanbehydrolyzedintofermentablesugars,mainlyglucoseandxylose.Fromfermentablesugars,variousproductscanbeproducedbymicrobialproc-esses,suchasethanol,organicacids,aminoacids,enzymes,antibiotics,etc.Amongthem,ethanolandlacticacidareofspecialimportance.Ethanolhasbeenusedasgasoline
8、additiveformanyyearsinvariouscountries【andhasbecometherawmaterialforeth.yleneproduction.Traditionally,lacticacidisusedinf0odindustry,butthesuccessfulsynthesisofbiode-gradablepolylacticacidopensnewopportunityforlacticacidfermentation.Comparedwithethanolfermentation,lacticacidfermentationhasthedistin.
9、guishedadvantageofhighproductivity.Whenglucoseisusedassubstrate.thetIleoreticalandpracticaletIla.nolyieldsine山anolfermentationareonly0.5land0.440.47g?g-1(ethanolglucose),whereas1.0and0.90_.94g?g(1acticacidglucose)canbeobtainedinlacticacidfermentation.respectively.Therefore,lacticacidfermentationisan
10、atomic.savingprocess.Acrylicacidanditsesterderivativesareprincipalrawmaterialsinthemanufactureofpolymericprod.ucts.Thepolymersmadeofacrylicacidanditsde.rivativesarecharacterizedbycolorlesstransparency,easyadhesion,elasticity,andstabilitytolight,moder-ateheataswellasweatIlering.AndtIleyarewidelyappli
11、edinsurfacecoatings,textiles,adhesives,papertreatment,polishes,leather,fibers,detergents,andsuper-absorbentmaterials.etc.j.Currently.allacrylicacidisproducedfrompetrochemicalindustrybytwo?-stepgas?-phaseoxidationofpropyleneandthetotalworldwideproductivityismorethan3milliontonsperyear【oj.Highpriceofc
12、rudeoilpromotestheresearchanddevelopmentofacrylicacidproductionfromnewrawmaterialswithnewtechnology,inwhich,thedehydrationoflacticacidforacrylicacidproductionisacompetitiveprocessandhasattractedmanyscientistsandengineerstodevelopnewproc-Received2005-0719,accepted200603-31.SupportedbytheSpecialFundsf
13、orMajorStateBasicResearchProgramofChina(973Program,No.2004CCA05500)Towhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed.Email:420ChineseJ.Ch.E.(Vo1.14,No.4)eSSes.Inthisarticle.therecentadvancesintheresearchanddevelopmentoflacticacidfermentationarereviewed.Then,thedehydrationmethodsoflacticacidforacrylicacidproduct
14、ionareintroduced.Finally,theprospectofacrylicacidproductionfrombiomassisdiscussed.2LACTICACIDFERMENrATIoNANDSEPARALTIoN2.1LacticacidfermentationThecommercialproductionoflacticacidbyfermentationwasstartedattheendofthe19thcentury【J.soitisconsideredasoneofthefirstbiotechnologicalprocessesoperatedunderc
15、ontrolledconditions.Itispossibletodistinguishthelacticacidfe卜mentationashomoandheterolacticacidtypes.功eexistingcommercialproductionprocessesusehomolacticorganisms,suchasLactobacillusdelbriickii,L.bulgaricus,L.1eichmannii,exceptRhizopusoryzae9】forL.1acticacidproductionv/ahetero.1acticacidpathway.LacticacidisoneofthesmallestchiralmoleculeswithD一,LisomersandracemicDL-lacticacid.Thechemicallysynthesizedlacticacidisracemic,whereaswjthdifferentstrains.thefermentationproductcanbeD一.L_orDL-lacticacid.Microorganismsforlacticacidproductionandtheirproperties
