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1、The Classic Mirror of Wise RuleT篓ll口Uus目S目nCIchTangpynaBfIsbookngJiaiheTanilvnastv)ULoSelngl蛳.砬r1一|黾IHUOJIANY一一HistoricaILessonsAsmentioned,muchofTangJianfocusesonLiShiminandhissuccessfulreign.Libeganhismilitarycareerattheageof16.Herenderedheroicandmeri.toriousmilitaryservicetohisfather,thefirstTang
2、EmperorGaozu,byhelpinghimtopplethecorruptSuiDynastyandrestorethecountrytoorder.Attheageof29.Lisucceededthethroneandbe.camethesecondemperorofthe1angDynasty.Uponenthronement.hisfirstofficialstatementwas:Thepacifica.tionofthepeopleandthestabilizationofthecountryaredependentontheruleLiShiminwasabravesol
3、dier,butfeItkeenlythepressureonhimasrulerofanewlyestablisheddynasty.Awareofhisinexperience,EmperorTaizonglookedtopreviousrulersforguidance.HeparticularlycontemplatedthefateoftheinitiallypowerfulandwealthySuiDynasty.HeandhisfatherdefeatedtheSujafterithadbeeninpowerforiustafewdecadesunderthereignoftwo
4、emperors.HeisrecordedashavingtoldhisofficialsthatwheneverhethoughtoftheSuirulersando伯cialsandhowtheyneglectedtheirpublicduties,losttheircapacityformoralgovernanceandcausedthepeopietorebelhefeItunabletoeat,sleepordoanythingatwil1.Heisquotedassaying,LastnightIreadaboutthe8OorsomonarchsrecordedinDfXfLu
5、efSynopsisofImperialGenealogy).Themajorityeithergotthemselveskilledorallowedthecountrytofallintoruin.Onlyafewachievednationalprosperityandmateria1abundance.Icannothelpbutbealarmedatthisimbalanceofsuccessandfailure.WhenEmperorTaizongaskedtwohighrankingofficialswhethertheythoughtestablishingacountryor
6、governingitwasthemoredifficult,hisprimeministerFangXuanlings一sponsewastheforlTler,whilehiscloseconsultantWeiZhengfeItgovernancetObethegreaterchallenge.Theemperorcommented:FangXuanlingfoughtsidebysidewithmethroughnumerOuSdangerousandbrutalbattlesinthecourseofestablishingthedynasty,soheknowsiusthowdif
7、ficultitis.WleiZhenghelpsmetogovernthecountry.andisawareofhowwealthandhighstatusleadtoselr.indulgenceandcorruption,inwhosewakefollowchaosanddisaster.Weiunderstandsexactlytheramificationsofgovernance.Establishingthecountryisnowpast.butitiscrucialthatweknowwhatgovernanceentailsandThe1995editionofTheMi
8、rroroftheTangDy-nasty.LiShiminwasdifferentfromotheremperorsinthatheregardedhimselfasanordinaryhumanbeingratherthanthesonofheaven.thatweremainalerttoensurethatorderandstabilityaremaintained.Afterlengthydeliberationofthisweightymatter,Taizongpinpointedthreefundamentalprinciplesonwhichtoactasruler:Thef
9、irstwasthatofus.ingtheexperienceandbitterlessonsofpreviousrulersasamirrorandguideforhisownactions;thesecondwasselectingandrelyingonpeopleofvirtueandtalenttohelphimgovernthecountry:andthethirdwastorejectanddiscardscanda1.mongeringmenof1wil1.TheRightMenTaizongonceremarkedtoWiZhengthatarulermustexercis
10、eextremecarewhenselectingCOUrtiers.Hesaidthattheappointmentofvirtuousof1jcialsencouragesgoodandmoralmentostepforwardandoffertheirservice,whereastheselectionofjustoneself-seeking,immoralpersoncouldeventuallybringthewholecountrytoperdition.WeiZhengagreedthatitisdifficulttoascertainwhetherapersonjsallt
11、heypurporttobe.Hisadvicewastousetheancientcriteriaofthesixvirtuesandsixevilstodistinguishgoodmenfrombad.Thesixvirtuesdesirableinanomcialare:1.Theabilitytoforeseecrisesanddisastersandtakequick,preventativeaction;2.Devotiontostateaffairsevidencedbvtheofferingofsoundadvicetothesovereign,helpingtomateri
12、alizeconstructiveideasandremedyingsituationscausedbybaddecisions;3.Willingnesstorecommend.ratherthanenvy,peopleoftalenttotherulerwithoutrancor;4.InsightandtheabilitytomakesoundJudgments;5.Respectforthe1awandincorruptibility;and6.Braverysu伟cienttoremonstratewiththerulershouldhegoastrayandputhiscountr
13、yindanger.Thesixevilstobewarewhenap?pointingofficialsare:】.Nosenseofrightandwrong,andthepropensitytochangewiththewindinordertoprotectselfishinterests;2.AchievingambitionsbysuckingAJ1v2006CHINATODAY?71曩1erandsuidspeakingreatbehindatandfiatsowingdislbleamonghonestpeople;ifthechannelofflatteryisopened,
14、therewillbeadelugeofuntl.ustworthycharacters.Intheeighthmonthofthetenthyearofhisreign,theemperorstated:Isupportoutspokennesswhenitbenefitsthecountry.Recentlymanyofthereportsreceivedbytheimperialcourthavecontainedslanderousaccusations.Iftheycontinrespiringtoueinthisvein,thosepenningsuchdendsubordific
15、ialscouldbeinnocent,contributealorderandfamatorymissiveswillbechargedandpunishedforthecrimeofslander.Hisintentioninsodoingwastodiscouragefawningandbackbiting,accordingtoTheMirroroftheTangDynasty.EmperorTaizongbelievedthatarulershouldmaintainasobermind,n633thicinare一ficialsaboutDynasty.Herorforfeited:theflatteryhaustinghishoodtheirthbvforcice.Suchexiochoicebutlrecordedas:l
