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1、专题15 特殊句式精讲深剖 真题速递一单项选择1.（2019天津高考）The professor warned tie students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。2. （2018北京
2、高考）In any unsafe situation，simply the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.Apress Bto pressCpressing Dpressed【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按下按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会给你需要的帮助。根据句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，所以用动词原形。3. （2018天津高考）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily i
3、n the passenger seat.Awhich Bthat Cwhen Dwhere【答案】选B。【解析】考查强调句式。去掉题干的It was和空处后，这个句子语法结构依然完整，表示“只有当汽车停在我家房前的时候，我们才看到乘客座位上的莉莉”，因此这是一个强调句式，被强调的是“only状语从句”，因此选B。【方法点拨】 当题干中出现“it is/was .that .”句式时，考生应首先判断这个句子是不是强调句。判断的方法就是去掉强调句的外壳it is/was和that，如果去掉之后整个句子语法结构是完整的，那么这就是一个强调句式，否则就不是。二单句语法填空1(2018全国卷改编)Di
4、ets have changed in Chinaand so too _ its top crop【答案】has【解析】该句是一个倒装句。当前面的句子是肯定句时，用“so助动词主语”表示“某人也”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓语动词来判断。三单句改错1.（2019全国II卷）They were two reasons for the decision. 【答案】they改为there【解析】考查there be句型。句意：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。句中的they在前边句中找不到指代关系，且后边句子中的one与the other是对这两个原因的解释。故将they改为there。考纲解读知识梳
5、理特殊句式比较杂乱，掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点，强调句是高考的难点。同时，祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象，如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。完全倒装1.常常指时间,地点的副词及方位的副词和介词短语here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, now, then位于句首。At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake./ A
6、way flew the bird.注意： a. 代词作主语时，主谓不倒装Here he comes.b. 此结构不用于进行时态。2.表语提前: 形容词/过去分词/现在分词/介词短语Included among the presents is an ipad that his father gave him.Sitting on the rock is a girl who wants to commit suicide.部分倒装一般包括：a. 某些否定词位于句首时，如：rarely, scarcely, nowhere, no morehardly/scarcely/barelywhen;
7、no sooner than; not onlybut also; so/ nor/ neither;not untilb. only +副词、介词短语、状语从句位于句首作状语时.c. 在so/suchthat 结构中so+adj/adv/such+n等位于句首时So fashionable are the clothes she was wearing that she became the focus of attention.Such fashionable clothes was she wearing that she became the另：Such are the facts:
8、no one can deny.d. 省略if的虚拟条件状语从句，had, were, should提前 注：not /to在原位。e. 用于as(though)引导的让步状语从句 Search as they would/Much as he likes the bike/ Exhausted as she wasf. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子Long live Chairman Mao! May you succeed!Wish you success/successful!2 强调1. It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其它句子成分 此句型的常见考点有：a.还可用It m
9、ight be/ must have been/ can it bethat 等句式。It might have been John that bought a new book for Mary .b.It was not untilthat 昨天直到半夜我才上床睡觉。 It was not until midnight that I went to bed.Not until midnight did I go to bed.c.含有特殊疑问词的强调句词序When and where was it that you were born?Ive already forgotten where
10、 it was that you put the dictionary.d.强调句中的主谓一致问题It is not help but obstacles that make a man.It is the sales manager, rather than/instead of/not/other than the sales girls, that is to blame.e.与其他从句的比较It was in the small house which/ that was built with stones by his father that he spent his childho
11、od.(which/that)It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty oftime (which/that) he ought to have spent doing his lessons.(which/that)f.强调句的省略-He was nearly drowned once. -When was it?-It was in 1998 when he was in middle school.-Who is making so much noise in the garden?It is the children.
12、2.do/does/did + 动词原形Do come early. He does/did know Beijing well. 3省略1. 状语从句中省略主语的情况：a. 从属连词 + 动词: 不定式、现在分词、过去分词，如：He opened his mouth as if to say something.He looked around as if looking for something.He let out a scream as if bitten by the snake.b. 从属连词 + 非动词： 名词、形容词、副词、介词短语，如：Unless necessary, y
13、oud better not refer to the dictionary.注意：before/after/since 不属此列2. 不定式的省略： He did not give me the chance, though he had promised 如果不定式中含有be, have, have been通常保留-Are you an engineer? -No, but I want to be.-He hasnt finished the task yet.-Well, he ought to have.3. 省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代
14、替。 (1) - Is he coming back tonight?- I think so. (2)- Is he feeling better today?- Im afraid not.一倒装句的考查要点1.全部倒装(1)在There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。Look，theres that bookshop I was telling you about.(2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首，主语是名词而不是代词时，用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。There goes the phone.Ill answer it.(3)such作表语置于句首时。Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man but the 20th centurys greatest scientist.(4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。“If you
