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1、成绩_世界英语概览课程论文南非英语院（系）名 称： 新闻与传播学院专 业 名 称 ：新闻与传播学大类学 生 姓 名 ：李阳雪学 号 ：2012300710026指 导 教 师 ：张妍岩 副教授二一二年四月 The South African EnglishCollege：College of Journalism and Communication Subject：Journalism and CommunicationName ： Directed by ： The Associate ProfessorApril 2012郑 重 申 明本人呈交的学位论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作
2、所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。本学位论文的知识产权归属于培养单位。本人签名：_ 日期：_ Chapter One General Situation of South African English 1.1 Lets see South Africa! -The survey of South Africa Perhaps, those U.K navigators arrived at the South Africa
3、n coast as far back as the 16 century, but the large-scale immigrants actually began in 1820 when the U.K invaded “the Cape”, which had been established by the Dutch in 1652.At that time, the first group of almost 4000 to 5000 British moved there and settled down. Then, after the South Africa war wh
4、ich is also called “the Boer War” happened in 1899 to 1902, the British conquered the South Africa throughout.In 1910, the U.K government organized the “Union of South Africa” as the dominion of U.K. The U.K didnt rule South Africa until 1961 when the authority of South Africa declared to drop out o
5、f the British Commonwealth and changed the name of country as “The Republic of South Africa”. It was because of this historical reason that English and the Afrikaans became the official languages in South Africa at the same time. Now, the population of South Africa is close to 4000 million, 70 perce
6、nt of which is black. There are also 18 percent of populations is white, 9 percent of population is the Mixed-Race and 3 percent of population is Asian.1.2 What has happened to South African English? -The history and status of South African English Although, there are only 10 percent of 3000 million
7、 people in South Africa speak English as mother tongue, the importance of English is far more than that. English is the second most common languages, which is used widely as a common language or a lingua franca by different language groups. There are many different variants of South African English:
8、 English used by Afrikaner as a native language, Afrikaans English used as a second language by Dutch people in South Africa, Cape Colored English spoken by South Africa colored, South Africas blacks English and South African Indians English. But, what is recognized as “South African English” is mai
9、nly referred to the first one-English used by Afrikaner. As a consequence of the long-term and great influences from British in administration, education, culture and many aspects, there are almost no differences between standard written language in South African English and Standard English in Brit
10、ish English. In addition, the influences from Afrikaans make the spoken language in South African English different in pronunciation, vocabularies and grammars.1.3 Such a special kind of English! -The features of South African English 1.3.1 The pronouncing features of South African English1.3.1.1 Ge
11、neral situation of pronunciation in South African English L. W. Lanham divided the pronunciation of English which is spoken as a native language by the white South Africans into 3 types: Conservative SAE, Respectable SAE, and Extreme SAE. The users of Conservative SAE are mainly the upper class, old
12、 men and some new immigrants from the Britain. However, actually, the Respectable SAE and Extreme SAE are the two typical pronunciations. Especially, the Respectable SAE has more and more significant influence on communication; even the hosts in TV stations also use this kind of pronunciation.1.3.1.
13、2 Detailed features of pronunciation in South African English The pronunciation of SAE has these features:1. The “r” which is at the end of words is usually not pronounced, but affected by Afrikaans, some people may retroflex.2. Similar to the New Zealand English, when pronounce the front vowel in S
14、AE, people will use a higher tongue position. Such as “bat” in SAE sounds like “bet” in RP English, while “bet” in SAE sounds like between “bit” and “bet” in RP English.3. In some words, the phoneme of /a: / is of retro position. For example, ”park” sounds like “pork”, “cart” sounds like “court”.4.
15、The second phoneme of diphthong usually disappears in Conservative SAE.1.4 Vocabulary features of South African English1.4.1 The composition of vocabulary in South African English1.4.1.1 Loanwords in South African English In the special lingual environment in South Africa, loanwords exist widely. The most obvious loanwords come from the Afrikaans. Such as “apartheid” and” braai” .There are even some loanwords coming from Indian, such as “samosa” and “charo”.1.4.1.2Assimilation of other languages The SAE absorbed some new ways of expressing by translation. For example, it assim
