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1、论公允价值在新会计准则中的应用（On the application of fair value in the new accounting standards）On the application of fair value in the new accounting standards07-27Abstract: in February 15, 2006, China promulgated the new accounting standards, introduced the concept of fair value. Through explaining the connotati
2、on of fair value, analyzes the application of fair value in the new accounting standards, discusses the application of fair value in our country, points out that in our country in the application of fair value when facing obstacles, and put forward how to deal with these obstacles solutions. TheKey
3、words: fair value; accounting standards; relevance1 introduction theIn February 15, 2006, the Ministry of Finance issued new accounting standards for enterprises, and the introduction of fair value once again became a major highlight of the new accounting standards. Fair value first appeared in acco
4、unting standards in 1998, when it was mainly used in accounting standards for enterprises - debt restructuring and enterprise accounting standards - non monetary transactions. Later, for various reasons, fair value became the means for enterprises to manipulate profits. Then, in 2001, the applicatio
5、n of fair value was abolished, allowing only a few guidelines to be used. In 2006, fair value was re established in enterprise accounting standards, and in 17 criteria, the measure of fair value was mentioned in different degrees. In2 interpretation of fair value2.1, the basic meaning of fair valueF
6、or fair value, international accounting standards, British accounting standards, American accounting standards and our Chinese accounting standards have defined them respectively. Although the wording is different, the basic meaning is consistent. Can be summarized as: in fair trading, the parties a
7、re familiar with the voluntary exchange of assets or the amount of debt liquidation. From this, we can see that the status of the two sides of the fair value is equal, the purpose of the transaction is voluntary, the trading environment is fair, the transaction price is market, without any subjectiv
8、e and utilitarian factors. And based on a hypothesis, the assumption is that the firm is under continuous operating conditions and does not intend to liquidate or do not need liquidation, and does not intend to scale down its operations. In this mode the fair value of the assets of the determining p
9、rinciple: if there is an active market for the asset, the asset price is the fair value of the assets; if there is no active market, but with the assets of similar assets is an active market, the fair value of the asset should be higher than the market price of assets to determine as similar; if the
10、 assets and assets and the assets are similar there is no active market, present value of future cash flow is the fair value of the asset can be generated by their energy to the appropriate discount rate discount calculated. Compared with the historical cost information, fair value information is mo
11、re a reflection of market evaluation of enterprise assets or the overall value, more relevant, help users of accounting information to make a reasonable prediction and correct decisions for the future. In2.2, the characteristics of fair valueThe fair value and the five kinds of measurement attribute
12、s (historical cost, current cost, current market value, net realizable value, future net cash flow) and compared with sixth kinds of property is not a real sense, it is repeated besides historical cost and other four kinds of attributes, with uncertainty and variability, very vague. In different sit
13、uations, it is difficult to say it is representative of what kind of characteristics. It is precisely for this reason that the application of fair value is limited. There are many accounting elements such as assets or liabilities. It is difficult to find the appropriate reference price in the market
14、. At the same time, there is uncertainty about the point, amount and time value of the future cash flow. This leads to the great difficulty in the operation of fair value. TheFair value and historical cost are contradictory. Historical cost and fair value are regarded as the two most important measu
15、rement attributes of current financial accounting. The difference is that historical costs focus on transactions and events that have occurred in the past, and the valuation of assets or liabilities is given to the market, with only a intertemporal estimate of costs and revenues. At the same time, a
16、ssuming that the market price is fair and reasonable, no major changes will occur, thus ensuring the reliability of financial information. The fair value must be dynamic and reflect the change of the enterprise value at any moment. On the surface, the two are different, but deep research has found that: they are trying to reflect the true information, and from different angles to find a relatively fair and reasonable price estimation theory on th
