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1、Chapter Six,International Cargo Transportation and Insurance 国际货物运输保险法,Contents,6.1 Introduction 6.2 Law of Cargo Transportation 6.3 Bills of Lading 6.4 Law of Cargo Insurance,6.1 国际货物运输法,国际海上货物运输法(海商法) 国际航空货物运输法 国际铁路货物运输法 国际多式联运 海上事故及处理,6.2 Law of International Carriage of Goods by Sea(海商法),1681年，法
2、国海事条例 1924年，英国海上货物运输法 1893年，美国哈特法 1936年，美国海上货物运输法 COGSA 1929年，国民党海商法、船舶登记法 1992年，中国中华人民共和国海商法,海商法的统一规则(P185-187),1924，海牙规则 1968，维斯比规则 1978，汉堡规则 1980，联合国国际货物多式联运公约 1910年，船舶碰撞公约 关于船舶所有人责任限制的国际公约 约克-安特卫普规则(共同海损理赔规则),2019/11/12,6,Contract of Shipment,Question: Whats the meaning of “contract of shipment”
3、?,A contract of shipment is in writing, by which the owner of a ship or other vessel lets the whole or a part, to a merchant or other person for the conveyance of goods for a certain amount of time or voyage, in consideration of the payment of freight.,Types of Contract of Shipment,There are two typ
4、es of contract of shipment. A contract of shipment may take the form of a charter party(租船契约), or a bill of lading.,Charter party,A charter party may be for a particular period, or for a particular voyage. In the former it is called a time charter party and in the latter case it is called a voyage c
5、harter party.,Classifications of charter party,Voyage charter Time charter Demise or bareboat charter,Voyage charter 定程租船,In a voyage charter, the charterer hires the vessel for a single voyage, while the vessels owner provides the master, crew, bunkers and supplies. The owner and his crew manage th
6、e vessel.,Time charter 定期租船,In a time charter, the vessel is hired for a specific amount of time. The owner manages the vessel but the charterer selects the ports of destination and controls the operation of the ship.,光船租船Bareboat charter,The charterer takes full control of the vessel along with the
7、 legal and financial responsibility for it, including the crewing the maintenance of the ship during the time of the charter.,案例：青岛远洋公司航次租船合同纠纷案,原告大洋与被告青岛约定，由船舶所有人的“北门” 将租船人的铁矿石自巴西运往中国，未签署租船合同。该装货港为巴西古埃巴港(有内锚地及外锚地)。2005年11月17日,船长在外锚地递交装货准备就绪通知书，尽管当时的内锚地可以使用，但因费用比较高，所以船长选择了外锚地抛锚。港口泊位紧张，船舶27日才靠泊装货。29日
8、，船舶装货完。,双方争议的点,1.具体的合同条款。船舶人认为，本次租船的基本前提是，不管船舶是否靠泊、是否在港均可递交就绪通知。而租船人认为，准备就绪通知书只有在内锚地不能使用的情况下，在外锚地递交。 2.无效就绪通知书的接受、放弃抗辩与禁止反悔问题。船舶人认为，由于其递交的通知书已被港口接受，所以租船人不再具有抗辩权，不得反悔。租船人则认为，港口无权代表租船人。因此，不涉及放弃抗辩和禁止反悔的问题。,案件评论,1、租船合同条款。有些当事人不签订合同的最终文本，只签订一些零散的协议，或者在协议中只引用其他合同的条款，却不说明一旦发生冲突哪些条款优先适用，这将给案件的审理带来了很大的困难。 2、
9、接受通知、放弃抗辩与禁止反悔。租船人了解就绪通知递交的过程，为了保护其利益不受损害，在这个过程他随时可以干预，以免给船舶所有人造成虚假的印象。航运界的做法也是如此。,6.3 Bills of lading(P189),As evidence of the contract of carriage As a receipt of goods received As a document of title to goods,6.3.2 The Carriers Obligations(P196),Seaworthiness of the ship Management of the goods C
10、ommencement of voyage Non-deviation of voyage Dangerous goods not be shipped,承运人应尽义务,船舶的适航性 尽职、适时谨慎地装载、搬运、积载、运送、保管、照料和卸下所载货物 承运人应按约定的或地理上的航线将货物运往卸货港 不刻意绕道 不运输危险货物,Seaworthiness,Seaworthiness is a term meaning that the ship is fit to undertake the particular voyage and to carry the particular cargo.,
11、2019/11/12,21,Question: Whats the meaning of seaworthiness?,Two meanings of seaworthiness,the ship is reasonably fir to encounter the “perils of the sea”; the carrier shall properly man, equip and supply the ship and make all the ship fit and safe for the carriage and preservation.,2019/11/12,23,Que
12、stion: What if the cargo owners want to file a claim for the ships seaworthiness?,If the cargo owner has damages because of the seaworthiness, he needs to show the ship was unseaworthy and there was a causal link between it and the loss or damage.,6.4 Law of International Cargo Insurance(P203),Quest
13、ion: Whats the meaning of a policy insurance?,A policy of insurance is a contract under which one party (the insurer) agrees, in return for a consideration, to indemnify another (the insured) for loss suffered as a result of the occurance of a specified event.,Related terms,Insurer 保险人 Assured 被保险人
14、Insurable interest 可保利益 Premium 保险费,Types of insurance policy,Valued policy 定值保单 Voyage policy and time policy Floating policy 流动保单 Open policy 预约保单,Valued policy,Valued policy means that the insurer pays a specified amount irrespective of the extent of loss and without making any allowance for appr
15、eciation or depreciation.,定值保单：确定货物保险额。 不定值保单：在货物 到达目的地时估算保险额。,Voyage policy and Time policy,Voyage policy covers risks arising during an entire transit period irrespective of how long it takes. Time policy covers risks arising during specified period, e.g. three months, six months or one year.,Floa
16、ting policy,流动保险单是指对一定期限内（一般1年）陆续分批出运的货物所订立的一种保险合同。 流动保险单适用于包销合同形式的贸易和定期发运的货物保险。,Open policy,Open policy is an insurance policy in which the insurer agrees to cover any voyage undertaken by the policyholders vessel or any cargo shipped by a particular shipper.,预约保险单是保险人承保被保险人在一定时期内发运的，以CIF价格条件成交的出口货物或以FOB价格条件成交的进口货物的保险单。,
