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1、Unit 4 Building Construction Text A Common Elements in Construction Projects Warming-up Questions: 1. Are you interested in becoming a construction engineer? 2. How much do you know about construction process? Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. All building co
2、nstruction projects include some elements in common design, financial, and legal considerations. 建筑施工是将各类建筑物添加到不动产不动产的过 程。所有的建筑项目包括一些共同的要素 设计、财务和法律方面的考虑。 We can add another room to the house 这所房子我们还可以加盖一个房间。 I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我对我先前说的话，没有什么补充的。 adj. 共同的, 共有的 I have nothin
3、g in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。 We have a kitchen in common. 我们 的厨房是共用的。 Design team lIn the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of paper or computer-based designs into reality. l在现代工业业化国家， 施工通常是指将图纸或者 电脑上的设计变为现实 中的建筑物。 The design usually consists of drawings
4、 and specifications, usually prepared by a design team including the client architects, interior designers, surveyors, civil engineers, cost engineers (or quantity surveyors), mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, structural engineers, and fire protection engineers. 设计通常包括图纸和具体规格，通常由一个 设计小组所指定
5、，设计小组包括客户端建筑 师，室内设计师，测量师，土木工程师，造 价工程师（工料测量师），机械工程师，电 气工程师，结构工程师和防火工程师。 过去分词作后置定语 consist of 由组成；包括 (=be made up of；be composed of) 一年有365天。 One year consists of 365 days 人由灵魂和肉体组成。 Man consists of soul and body The society consists of 30 members 这个协会有30个会员组成。 Once the design is completed by the desi
6、gn team, a number of construction companies or construction management companies may then be asked to make a bid for the work, either based directly on the design, or on the basis of drawings and a bill of quantities provided by a quantity surveyor. 一旦设计由设计团队完成，许多建筑公司或建筑管 理公司将进行投标，投标或直接以设计为基础，或 以图纸和
7、估算师提供的工程量清单为基础。 过去分 词作状 语 过去分词作后 置定语 make a bid for 出价买；投标 e.g. Did you made a bid for the painting? Yes, but somebody else offered more. 你给这幅画出了价没有?出了，不过别人出的 更多。 A finance house made a bid to buy up the entire company. 一家信贷公司出价买下了整个公司。 Following evaluation of bids, the owner will typically award a
8、contract to the lowest responsible bidder. 评标后，业主会与标价低并且负责的投标人签订合 同。 介词，相当于after “在之后” award a contract 签订合同 This company is awarded a contract to build a new school. 这家公司获得承建一所新学校的合同 award意为“授予”时可接双宾语。 We awarded the prize to him. We awarded him the prize. Many construction projects suffer from pre
9、ventable financial problems. So financial planning for the project is intended to ensure that a solid plan, with adequate safeguards and contingency plans, is in place before the project is started, and is required to ensure that the plan is properly executed over the life of the project. 许多建设项目所遭遇的
10、财政问题都是可以预防的。 因此，工程的财政预算就是要确保在工程开始之前 就指定一个有充分的保障和应急措施的稳固计划， 并需确保该计划可以贯穿整个工程项目的始终。 作前面plan的 定语 Financial advisors suffer from 遭受, 因 . 而蒙受损害 Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。 She suffered from the gossip of her neighbors. 她因为邻居们的闲言碎语而感到困扰 be intended t
11、o 意图, 是用来 The building was intended to be a museum. 这座建筑物本来是打算用作博物馆的。 These regulations are intended to prevent accidents. 这些规章制度旨在防止事故发生 in place 在适当的位置 e.g. I hope you will keep the books in place. 我希望你将书放回原处 Before you leave the office, everything should be put in place. 在离开办公室之前，应把所有物品摆放好。 execu
12、te eksikju:t vt.执行, 实行, 处决, 完成 Congress makes the laws; the President executes them. 国会制定法律，总统执行法律。 Now that we have made the decision, we may execute the scheme as previously agreed. 既然我们已经做了决定,我们就可以实行既定 方案了。 lMortgage bankers, accountants, and cost engineers are likely participants in creating an
13、overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project. lLarge projects can involve highly complex financial plans. As portions of a project are completed, they may be sold, supplanting one leader or owner for another, while the logistical requirements of having the right tra
14、des and materials available for each stage of the building construction project carries forward. logistical requirements：后勤需求 当部分完成的项目被出售后，这样贷款人或者业主 就会发生变化。同时大楼建设项目的每个阶段所需 要的材料方面的后勤工作必须要做好。 as 引导时间状 语从句 supplant v. 取代, 排挤 例句: The party leader has been supplanted by his rival. 那位政党领导已被他的对手取而代之了。 Oil
15、has supplanted coffee as our main export. 原油已经取代咖啡成为我们的主要出口货物 。 available for 可供 . 之用的； 对 . 有效； 能参加(出席) . 的 These printed materials are available for reading. 这些印刷材料供阅读。 Chinese commodities available for export are varied. 中国可供出口的商品种类繁多。 These tickets are available for one month only. 这些票的有效期只有一个月。
16、carry forward 推进, 发扬（精神） We must carry forward our achievements and correct our mistakes. 我们要发扬成绩，纠正错误。 They are determined to carry forward the enterprise. 他们决心把事业进行下去。 Legal considerations lA construction project must fit into the legal framework governing the property. l建设项目必须适应有关物业管理的法律框 架。 现在分词短语作 后置定语 fit into 适应, 符合 Architects know how to design buildings to fit into the land. 建筑师知道怎样设计得使建筑物与地形相 协调。 A square thing does not fit into a
