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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震,. 单词盘点 根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇 1. _(vi. ) 爆裂；爆发 (n. ) 突然破裂；爆发 2. _(n. ) 事件；大事 3. _(n. ) 废墟；毁灭 (vt. ) 毁灭；使破产,burst,event,ruin,4. _（adj. ） 极度的 5. _(vt. ) 破坏；毁坏；消灭 6. _(vt. &vi. ) （使）震惊；震动 （n. ） 休克；打击；震惊 7. _(n. &vt. ) 援救；营救 8. _(vt. ) 使陷入困境 (n. ) 陷阱；困境,extreme,destroy,shock,rescue,trap,9.
2、_(n. ) 灾难；灾祸 10. _(vt. ) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 11. _(n. ) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 12. _（n. &vt. ） 损失；损害 13. _（n. ） 裁判员；法官 （vt. ） 断定；判断；判决,disaster,bury,shelter,damage,judge,14. _(vt. ) 损害；伤害 _(n. ) 伤害；损害 _ (adj. )受伤的 15. _(n. ) 电；电流；电学_ (adj. )用电的；带电的_（adj. ）与电有关的；电学的 16. _(vt. ) 使惊吓；吓唬_ (adj. ) 受惊的；受恐吓的 _(adj. )令人恐惧的 17. _(
3、n. ) 祝贺；（复数）贺词_ (vt. )祝贺,injure,injury,injured,electricity,electric,electrical,frighten,frightened,frightening,congratulation,congratulate,【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空 In the crash he was seriously _ . He suffered severe _ to the head and arms. (injure) On seeing the _ scene, the little girl was so _ that she
4、 burst out crying. (frighten) The headmaster wrote a letter to _ her on her good performance and the exciting _ encouraged her greatly. (congratulate),injured,injuries,frightening,frightened,congratulate,congratulations,. 短语回放 1. 立刻；马上 _ 2. 轻视；认为没价值 _ 3. 仿佛；好像 _ 4. 结束；终结 _ 5. 严重受损；破败不堪 _ 6. 掘出；发现 _,
5、right away,think little of,as if,at an end,in ruins,dig out,7. 许多；大量的 _ 8. 在户外 _ 9. 作演讲 _ 10. 集资；筹款；募捐 _,a (great) number of,in the open air,give a speech,raise money,. 句式扫描 1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were _ _ (太紧张而不敢吃东西）. 2. It seemed _（仿佛） the world was at an end! 3. Thous
6、ands of families were killed and many children were _（成了孤儿）. 4. _（不是所有的希望都破灭了）.,nervous to eat,as if,left without parents,All hope was not lost,too,【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子 too. . . to. . . 太以至于不能 仿写：他太激动，说不出话来。 He was too excited to speak. It seems as if. . . 看起来好像 仿写：天好像要下雨了。 It seems as if it is going to
7、 rain.,all. . . not. . . 并非所有的都 仿写：并不是所有的答案都是正确的。 All answers are not correct.,1. burst vi. 爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 burst out 突然迸发；爆发 burst out doing sth. = burst into + n. 突然起来 burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入 burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支,The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer. 警察突然闯进来，逮捕了这名
8、毒贩。 When the balloon _ , the little boy _ _ crying/ _ _ tears. 气球爆裂后，小男孩放声大哭起来。,burst,burst out,burst into,【助记】burst的多层含义,爆裂,突然（大笑）,突然闯进,2. ruin n. U毁灭;毁坏；崩溃;C(常用复数)废墟；遗迹 vt. （使）毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产 （1）lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring. . . to ruin 使毁灭；使没落; 使破产,（2）ruin oneself 毁掉自己，
9、自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途,Years of fighting has left the area in ruins. 连年的战争已经使这个地区成为一片废墟。 The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin. 全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。 Much drinking _ _ _ . 过量饮酒毁了他的健康。,ruined his health,【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,表示“毁灭、毁坏”，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行
10、破坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。,表示“损害、损坏”，通常是指对物体的部分的损害，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低，但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词，作名词时与介词to搭配，如cause damage to。,表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等。,Thousands of houses were seriously _ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month. The whole city was com
11、pletely _ in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people. The constant rain in the north of China this summer has _ cash crops such as cotton and peppers.,damaged,destroyed,ruined,【助记】,3. injure vt. 损害；伤害；使受伤 （1）injured adj. 受伤的 the injured 受伤的人（集合概念） （2）injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害 do sb. an injury
12、/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人,She injured herself while skating. 她在滑冰时受了伤。 The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms. 驾车者的双腿和双臂严重受伤。 A total of 271 people _ _ in Shanghais subway crash. 在上海地铁追尾事故中总共有271人受伤。,were injured,【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空,作及物动词时，表示“受伤”；既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害；作不
13、及物动词时，表示“（身体某个部分）疼痛”。,通常指由武器造成的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指在战场上造成的伤害。,用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可，有时也可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。,特指意外事故中造成的伤害。,Several soldiers were _ in the attack. Years of overwork has _ his health greatly. What really _ me was that he ignored me on purpose. Luckily he was only slightly _ in the earth
14、quake.,wounded,harmed,hurt,injured,4. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏 bury. . . in. . . 把埋到/插到里 bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头于，专注于,He felt lonely after he buried his good friend. 埋葬了好友之后, 他感到很孤独。 He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets. 他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。 Ever since he moved there, he _ _ _ _his research work. 自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。,has been buried in,【点津】 表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有以下几个： be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate on等。,5. at an end 结束; 终结 The war was at an end. 战争结束了。 I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我必须警告你
