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1、,高考语法复习 动词时态与语态,Humourous Moments,The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln _(be) your age, he _(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he _(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I _ (know) that. But when he _(be) your age, he_ (be) President of the United States.,was,was,was,
2、was,was,know,Who is the laziest?,Father：Well, Tom, I _(ask) your teacher Today, and now I _(want )to ask you a question. Who _(be) the laziest person in your class? Tom: I _(not know), Father. Father: Oh, yes, you_(do)! Think! When the Other boys and girls_(read and write), who _(sit) in class and o
3、nly _ (watch) how the other people work? Tom: Our teacher, teacher.,asked,want,is,dont know,do,are reading and writing,sits,watches,熟读深思 熟读下列各句, 结合谓语动词的形式体会谓语动词发生的时间或所处的状态, 理解不同时态的用法与构成。 1. I get up at 7：00 every morning. 我每天早上七点起床。(经常的动作),2. The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。(客观真理) 3. Practice make
4、s perfect.熟能生巧。(格言或警句) 4. We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。,5. Theyre having a meeting now.他们现在在开会。(现在) 6. Im studying at an evening school.我在上夜校。(现阶段) 7. Shes always helping others.她老是帮助别人。(赞扬),8. I knew you would agree.我知道你会同意的。(在过去某个时候看来, 将要发生的事) 9. I have seen the film
5、already.我已经看过那部电影了。(暗示：我已知道电影的内容了),10. She has been a dancer for ten years.她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。(从十年前开始一直到现在) 11. When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.警察到达时, 小偷们已经跑了。(过去的过去),12. When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到来时, 他才了解到玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。(过去的过去) 13. The Chines
6、e have been making paper for two thousand years.中国人造纸有2000年了。(两千年前开始造纸, 现在依然在造纸),14. He will come if you invite him.如果你请他, 他会来的。(条件句中在一般现在时代替一般将来时) 15. The plane takes off at 11：30.飞机十一点半起飞。(时刻表中的规定),16. Mike is coming home on Thursday.迈克星期四回来。(近期计划, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用) 17. What are you going to do tomor
7、row?你打算明天做什么呢？(打算),18.Look at the clouds; its going to rain.你看天上的云, 快下雨了。(已有迹象表明) 19.They are to be married in June.他们将在六月结婚。(正式安排) 20.He is about to set off for Beijing.他马上要去北京。(即将),1. 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式, 表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有以下10种时态：,2. 表示将来有多种方式, 请注意比较： will/shall do表示
8、单纯的将来或临时的决定。 be going to do表示主观打算或已有迹象表明将要发生某事。, be about to do表示即将，不与表示将来的时间连用。 do/does(一般现在时)在时刻表中规定要发生某事或在时间、条件状语从句中。 be to do按计划或正式安排将发生的事。,一、对一般现在时的考查 1.考查其基本概念：一般现在时表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。常与表示习惯的副词always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等连用。但近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时
9、态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。 1) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm.（2005年辽宁卷） was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called,2.考查一般现在时的替代用法： 在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引导的时间状语从句，在以if, unless, once等引
10、导的条件状语从句和以no matter, however, even if 等词引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时。 What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. （2005年全国卷） A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining,二、对一般过去时的考查 一般过去时表示在过去某时某刻发生的动作或存在的状态，它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如yest
11、erday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一般过去时也经常用在没有说明过去的时间状语的句子中，这是高考的命题方向。 I bought a new car three days ago. More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.（2005年上海卷） A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. ha
12、d been sent,三、对现在进行时的考查 由上下文语境表示时间。 1) Whats the terrible noise？ The neighbors _ for a party（2004年北京卷） A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare 2)Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. （2004年浙江卷34题） has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had cl
13、osed down 3) Are you still busy? Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long. Ajust finish B. am just finishing Chave just finished D. am just going to finish,4) Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. phone B. will phone C. were
14、phoning D. are phoning 5) Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change,四、对过去进行时的考查 I was walking down the street when it began to rain.,When it began to rain,I was walking,now,1.把过去进行时放在when,
15、 while, as 等引导的时间状语从句中考查。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。 You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. （2004年福建卷） A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited,2.把过去进行时放在某特定的语境中考查。 Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. （2004年全国卷） A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 3.考查过去进行时与一般过去时的比较。 Shirley _a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.(98） A. has written B. wrote C. had written
