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1、. . . . .New York Times ChinaGet Up. Get Out. Dont Sit.By GRETCHEN REYNOLDS November 07, 2012动起来，别坐着GRETCHEN REYNOLDS 报道2012年11月07日Just as we were all settling in front of the television to watch the baseball playoffs, two new studies about the perils of sitting have spoiled our viewing pleasure.两项关
2、于久坐危险的最新研究赶在大家围坐电视机前观看职业棒球季后赛的当儿公布出来，实在是让人看比赛的乐趣大打折扣。The research, published in separate medical journals this month, adds to a growing scientific consensus that the more time someone spends sitting, especially in front of the television, the shorter and less robust his or her life may be. 本月分别发表于两本
3、医学期刊上的研究结果验证了一项科学界逐渐达成的共识：一个人坐着的时间越长，尤其是坐在电视机前面的时间越长，寿命就越短，健康状况也更差。To reach that conclusion, the authors of one of the studies, published in the October issue of The British Journal of Sports Medicine, turned to data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, a large, continuing surv
4、ey of the health habits of almost 12,000 Australian adults.其中一项研究发表于10月份出版的英国运动医学杂志(The British Journal of Sports Medicine)上。研究人员对“澳大利亚糖尿病、肥胖和生活方式研究”一项针对近1.2万名澳大利亚成年人的持续健康习惯调查所收集到的数据进行分析后，得出上述结论。Along with questions about general health, disease status, exercise regimens, smoking, diet and so on, th
5、e survey asked respondents how many hours per day in the previous week they had spent sitting in front of the television. 在有关总体健康、疾病状况、运动方案、吸烟与否、饮食习惯等问题之外，该项调查还要求被调查者给出之前一周每天坐在电视机前的时间长短。Watching television is not, of course, in and of itself hazardous, unless you doze off and accidentally slip from
6、the couch onto a hard floor. But television viewing time is a useful, if somewhat imprecise, marker of how much someone is engaging in so-called sedentary behavior.看电视本身当然不是件危险的事，除非你看睡着了，然后不小心从沙发上摔到硬地板上。但看电视的时间长短却是衡量一个人是否有久坐不动的坏毛病的有效工具，虽然不太精确。People can answer a question like, How much time did you
7、spend watching TV yesterday? much better than a question like How much time did you spend sitting yesterday? says Dr. J. Lennert Veerman, a senior research fellow at the University of Queensland, who led the new study. “当问题是你昨天花了多长时间看电视 而不是你昨天花了多长时间坐着的时候，人们更容易作答，”主持此项研究的昆士兰大学(University of Queenslan
8、d)资深研究员J伦纳特费尔曼博士(J. Lennert Veerman)说。Australians, as it turns out, watch lots of telly. According to the survey data, in 2008, the year that the researchers chose as their benchmark, Australian adults viewed a collective 9.8 billion hours of television.结果呢，澳大利亚人可真没少看电视。调查数据表明，在被研究者选为研究基准的2008年，澳大利亚
9、成年人加起来一共看了98亿小时的电视。Using complex actuarial tables and adjusting for smoking, waist circumference, dietary quality, exercise habits and other variables, the scientists were next able to isolate the specific effect that the hours of sitting seemed to be having on peoples life spans. 研究人员使用复杂精算图表，并对吸烟、
10、腰围、饮食质量、运动习惯和其他变量的影响做了相应调整，终于可以独立计算出坐着的时间长短与人预期寿命之间的联系。And the findings were sobering: Every single hour of television watched after the age of 25 reduces the viewers life expectancy by 21.8 minutes.结果令人倒吸一口凉气：25岁之后，人们每在电视机前消磨一小时，预期寿命便会减少21.8分钟。By comparison, smoking a single cigarette reduces life
11、expectancy by about 11 minutes, the authors said.论文作者指出，与之相对照，每吸一根烟不过才缩短11分钟的预期寿命。Looking more broadly, they concluded that an adult who spends an average of six hours a day watching TV over the course of a lifetime can expect to live 4.8 years fewer than a person who does not watch TV. 研究者进一步得出结论：每
12、天平均花6小时看电视的成年人总体上要比不看电视的人少活4.8年。Those results hold true, the authors point out, even for people who exercise regularly. It appears, Dr. Veerman says, that a person who does a lot of exercise but watches six hours of TV every night might have a similar mortality risk as someone who does not exercise
13、and watches no TV. 论文作者指出，即便对于那些经常锻炼的人，这些结果也同样适用。费尔曼博士表示，对于那些“从事大量健身运动但每天晚上看6小时电视的人，其死亡率与那些不运动也不看电视的人相差无几。”These rather unnerving results jibe with those of another new study of sitting. Published on Monday in the journal Diabetologia, its authors reviewed data from 18 studies involving 794,577 peop
14、le. Many of the studies measured full-day sitting time, covering not only hours whiled away in front of the television, but also time spent in a chair at work. 这些结果本来已经足够让人心慌意乱，然而祸不单行，随之而来的是另外一项关于久坐的研究结果。在这篇周一发表于糖尿病学(Diabetologia)杂志上的论文中，作者对18项研究的数据进行了回顾，这些研究覆盖了794577名研究对象。许多研究对全天的静坐时间进行记录，不仅考察坐在电视机
15、前的时间，也考察工作时坐在办公椅上的时间。Together, those hours consumed a majority of a persons life. The average adult spends 50 to 70 percent of their time sitting, the authors report. 加在一起，这些时间占据了一个人一生的绝大部分。“成年人平均有50%到70%的时间是在坐着，”研究者指出。The researchers then cross-referenced sitting time with health outcomes, and foun
16、d that those people with the highest sedentary behavior, meaning those who sat the most, had a 112 percent increase in their relative risk of developing diabetes; a 147 percent increase in their risk for cardiovascular disease; and a 49 percent greater risk of dying prematurely - even if they regularly exercised. 随后
