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1、,The Object clause,宾语从句,一教学任务 复习宾语从句 二教学重点 1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句中的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化,教学难点 1. if与whether的区别 2. 宾语从句与简单句的互换,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? Our teacher told us tha
2、t the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone. I dont know if he will come tonight. Lets find out whats on tonight .,Find out the Object Clauses,We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .,2.由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾
3、语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。,e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语） 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? （为什么，作状语） 3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语）,注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。,e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,二 .宾语从句的引导词,3.由从属连词 whether,
4、 if 引导的宾语从句,e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right . They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not .,if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换, 但whetheror not为固定搭配.,If 与whether 的区别,I dont know _ he will come or not. I dont care of _ he is handsome. He wondered _ to stay here the
5、 next week. _ he will come is not decided.,与or not 连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与to do 不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,whether,Whether,whether,whether,Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.,三. 宾语从句的语序,无论主句是
6、陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,改一改,将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place .,He can,He has,he went to,说一说 将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。,Can you tell e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will co
7、ok,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) he to Hong Kong .,2) he sick. 3) he a bo
8、ok . 4) he,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,He told me (that),Summer is after Spring .,I was told (t
9、hat),the sun is much bigger than the moon.,My parents told me (that),no news is good news.,比一比,比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么发现？ 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词 + to do 的简单句。 练一练 1.I dont know what I shall do next .(变为简单句） I d
10、ont know next . 2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句） John didnt decide . 3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句） Can you tell me the bus stop ? 4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句） Can you tell Lucy the MP5.,五.宾语从句与简单句的转换,What to do,which book to buy,how I can
11、 get to,how she can use,.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is?,was,is,whose,六.课堂检测,Could you tell me ? A. where the twins were B. where the twin
12、s are C where are the twins A: Do you know ? B: Yes , he came here by train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he came here 3.She says she English for ten years . A. learned B. has learned C. was learning D. have learned 4. The teacher told us that the earth ro
13、und . A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 5. Tell me . A. what wrong is with him B. whats wrong to him C. what the matter is with him D. whats the matter with him 6. My friend asked me . A. who is the girl B. who the girl was C. who was the girl D. who the girl,. Choose the right answers.,B,D,B,B,D,B,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑问句 ）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七.本课小结,Thanks,
