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1、全新版大学英语综合1-自主学习任务-Unit 1I. 朗读Text A出现的生词和短语（朗读10分钟）II. 了解Text A有关的语言背景知识（多媒体 讲解 10分钟）1. Grade schools in the U.S.:Its necessary to have some knowledge of grade schools in the U.S. because students have to realize that “the thirds year in high school” equals “the eleventh grades”. U.S. students gener
2、ally go through elementary schools (kindergarten to 5th or 6th grade), middle schools (grades 68) or junior high school (grades 79), and high school (grades 912 or 1012). Senior high school (grades 912): 1417 years oldCollege, institute, academy(学院), university2. What American teachers wear in schoo
3、l: Nowadays, people in the U.S. love to dress casually. Even among those companies with a rigid dress code some now allow employees not to wear suits on Friday. U.S. teachers wear fairly formal clothes to school, but not necessarily suits and ties. Bow ties are considered even more old-fashioned tha
4、n ties.3. Spaghetti and the proper way of eating it: Spaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mou
5、th. Its impolite to suck.III. Language Study 1. off and on (or on and off): from time to time, now and again, irregularly Examples: It has been raining on and off for a week. Thats why the clothes feel damp.As her patient slept soundly during the night, Nurse Betty was able to doze off and on in a b
6、edside chair. Pairs of antonyms in English: 反义词对的转义，如使用得当，则对比鲜明，寓意深刻、语义精炼，但决不可望文生义 -There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow.(有起有伏)-The enemy troops looted right and left. (adv. on all sides)-False friends are worse than open enemy.(N.明枪易躲，暗箭难防)-We all have our ups and downs. (Life is
7、 full of ups and downs.)-He is always a reliable friend, rain and shine.(任何情况)-I can give you a general account of the case, but I dont know the ins and outs. （详细情况）-Right or wrong, you should make the investigation to get the right.(N.无论怎样，你应先作调查，把事情弄清楚。)-Well stand by you because were your thick-a
8、nd-thin supporters. (faithfully; both good and bad times 生死与共的)-Relationship between them would be much more harmonious if only there were a little more give-and-take.-East or west, home is the best.-Light come, light go.(不义之财，理无久享。)-More haste, less speed.2. possibility: state of being possible; (d
9、egree of) likelihood (usu. followed by that-clause or of)Examples: Is there any possibility of life on Mars?They havent arrived. There is a possibility that they have taken the wrong road. 3. take hold: become established Examples: The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families.O
10、ld habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.4. bore: make (sb.) feel tired and lose interestExamples: The speaker went on and on, and the audience grew bored by his speech.Tom Sawyer grew bored with painting the garden fence,so he thought of a way to make others
11、 paint for him.(Notice the difference between its present and past participle forms: boringbored)5. associate (with): join or connect together; connect or bring in the mind Examples: We associate Egypt with pyramids.I cant associate this gentle young woman with the radical political essays she has w
12、ritten. Jim wished to forget everything associated with his former life.6. I hated the assignments to turn out long, paragraphs that: I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers, neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote.turn out: produceExamples: New computers are soon out
13、dated since newer models are turned out constantly. American film studios turn out hundreds of films every year. To end up; result: The cake turned out beautifully.7. assignment: a piece of work that is given to a particular personreceive an assignment接收一项任务What is todays assignment in history?今天历史课
14、指定的作业是什么?He has got a new assignment.他得到一项新任命。8.agony: The suffering of intense physical or mental pain.His last agony was over. 他临死的挣扎已经过去了。He was in an agony of remorse. 他处于极端悔恨之中be in agony 苦恼不安death agony (=agony of death)临死时的痛苦, 垂死的挣扎in agony of pain在痛苦的挣扎中in an agony of处在极端.状态中9.assign: a. To
15、set apart for a particular purpose; designate. 分派为某一特定目的分开；指派 b. To select for a duty or office; appoint. 选派为某项任务或工作选派；委派c. To give out as a task; allot. 作为任务分出；分配d. To ascribe; attribute. 归于；归属be assigned to a new post 被派到新的工作岗位assign a day for a meeting 确定开会日期assign property to another 把财产转让给别人ass
16、ign ones failure to idleness 将失败归因于懒惰assign homework 留家庭作业10. When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for: When it was decided that Mr. Fleagle would teach us English during my third year in high school, I expected the English course to be as boring as before.anticipate: expect (usu. followed by gerund or that-clause)To act in advance so
