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1、Building a SentenceWhat makes a complete sentence?Simple SentencesCompound SentencesComplex SentencesThe anatomy of a sentenceVerbsSubjectsPredicatesMore Advanced TerminologyObjectsTransitive/IntransitiveAdverbialsComplementsBuilding a sentence A sentence is a group of words which starts with a capi
2、tal letter and ends with a full stop (.), question mark (?) or exclamation mark (!). A sentence contains or implies a predicate and a subject. Sentences contain clauses.Simple sentences have one clause.Compound sentences and complex sentences have two or more clauses.Sentences can contain subjects a
3、nd objects.The subject in a sentence is generally the person or thing carrying out an action. The object in a sentence is involved in an action but does not carry it out, the object comes after the verb.For example:The boy climbed a tree.If you want to say more about the subject (the boy) or the obj
4、ect (the tree), you can add an adjective.For example:The young boy climbed a tall tree.If you want to say more about how he climbed the tree you can use an adverb.For example:The young boy quickly climbed a tall tree.The sentence becomes more interesting as it gives the reader or listener more infor
5、mation.There are more things you can add to enrich your sentence.Parts of a sentenceDescriptionAdjectiveDescribes things or people.AdverbAlters the meaning of the verb slightlyArticlea, an - indefinite articlesthe - definite articlesConjunctionJoins words or sentences togetherInterjectionA short wor
6、d showing emotion or feelingNounNames thingsPrepositionRelates one thing to anotherPronounused instead of a noun to avoid repetitionProper noun (subject)The actual names of people or places etc.VerbAction or doing wordFor example:What makes a complete sentence? If it helps you, think about a sentenc
7、e as if it were a skeleton, the skeleton contains various bones and these bones are put together to form different parts of the body. So are sentences formed by words, the words are the bones and they are put together in different ways to form sentences. Simple SentencesA simple sentence contains a
8、single subject and predicate. It describes only one thing, idea or question, and has only one verb - it contains only an independent (main) clause. Any independent clause can stand alone as a sentence. It has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. For example: Jill reads. Even the ad
9、dition of adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases to a simple sentence does not change it into a complex sentence.For example: The brown dog with the red collar always barks loudly. Even if you join several nouns with a conjunction, or several verbs with a conjunction, it remains a simple sen
10、tence. For example: The dog barked and growled loudly. Compound SentencesCompound sentences are made up of two or more simple sentences combined using a conjunction such as and, or or but. They are made up of more than one independent clause joined together with a co-ordinating conjunction. For exam
11、ple:The sun was setting in the west and the moon was just rising.Each clause can stand alone as a sentence.For example: The sun was setting in the west. The moon was just rising. Every clause is like a sentence with a subject and a verb. A coordinating conjunction goes in the middle of the sentence,
12、 it is the word that joins the two clauses together, the most common are (and, or, but) For example: I walked to the shops, but my husband drove. I might watch the film, or I might visit my friends. My friend enjoyed the film, but she didnt like the actor. Complex SentencesComplex sentences describe
13、 more than one thing or idea and have more than one verb in them. They are made up of more than one clause, an independent clause (that can stand by itself) and a dependent (subordinate) clause (which cannot stand by itself).For example:My mother likes dogs that dont bark.Dependent clauses can be no
14、minal, adverbial or adjectival.The anatomy of a sentenceThe VerbThe verb is the fundamental part of the sentence. The rest of the sentence, with the exception of the subject, depends very much on the verb. It is important to have a good knowledge of the forms used after each verb (verb patterns), fo
15、r example: to tell someone TO DO something Here we can see that the verb to tell is followed immediately by a person (the indirect object, explained later), an infinitive with to, and, possibly, an object for the verb you substitute for DO. Verbs also show a state of being. Such verbs, called BE VERBS or LINKING VERBS, include words such as: am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being, became, seem, appear, and sometimes verbs of the senses like tastes, feels, looks, hears, and smells. For example: Beer and wine are my favourite drinks. The verb are is a linking (be) verb.
