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1、2013版英语一轮精品复习学案：Unit4Wildlife protection（新人教版必修2）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1 contain vt. 包含 ；容纳；克制强烈的感情；抑制 Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.橘子汁里含有有益于健康的东西。 This bottle contains two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两瓶啤酒 She was too angry to contain herself.她气急了，无法控制自己。 Many people like tenni
2、s ,including me/me included. 许多人喜欢网球，也包括我/我也在内2. affect vt.1）影响，侵袭；相当于have an effect on 但多指一些负面影响。The disease is beginning to affect her brain. 疾病逐渐侵袭他的大脑 2）使感动，激起（悲伤、愤怒爱等情绪）We are deeply affected by his devotion to work. 他对工作的奉献令我们深深感动【点拨】辨析affect、effect、influenceaffect vt.表示“影响，（病）侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当aff
3、ect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“使-感动” effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果，常用于have an effect on对有影响 in effect正在实行；实际上 side effect副作用 take effect开始实行；开始生效 without effect没有效果 come into effect生效，实施 bring/carry sth into effect使生效 be of no effect 无效果的等短语中。Influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度
4、的影响The book had a great influence on his life. 这本书对他的人生影响很大。 He is, in effect, my rival. 实际上他是我的竞争对手。来源:学科网ZXXK【即境活用】 Sichuan province _by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post-festival road transport. Awere affectedBwas affectedChad effectedDhas affected【解析】B 考查表示影响意义的词的辨析。affect 为动词，意思是“
5、影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。按照句意选择B。3 appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 Her boss appreciated her talents very much.她的老板非常赏识她的才干。 I appreciate your kind words.我很感激你好心的安慰。 I would appreciate it if you can take care of my dog.来源:学科网如果你能帮忙照顾一下我的小狗，我会不胜感激。 我们没有意识到他的病情严重。4 succeed vi。成功；继承vt。 接替 ；继任 He succeeded in
6、 getting a place at art school.他被艺术学校录取了。 Youll have to work hard if you sre to succeed.要想有所作为，你必须苦干。His eldest son succeeded to the title after he died. 他死后，他的大儿子继承了爵位。 Nothing succeeds like success. （谚语）一顺百顺，一通百通。5 harm vt & n 损害，危害 The dog seems fierce ,but it wont harm anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。
7、 Fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。 He may say no ,but there is no harm in asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。【重点短语】1. die out灭绝；（风俗、习惯等）逐渐消失，消灭 Its well-known that the custom has died out. 众所周知这种风俗已经消失啦。Many animals have died out in the past在过去几年间，许多动物都灭绝了【点拨】辨析 die from, die of, die out
8、, die away, die down, die offdie from 表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过渡劳累，饮食过渡等。He died from the wound last year. 他去年死于枪伤来源:学科网die of 表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素。He died of the hunger. 他死于贫穷饥饿。die out “灭绝，消失”。多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，强调动作的结束。This kind of plant has already died out. 这种植物已经绝种die away慢慢消失。（多指声音、光线、风等）逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐
9、消失。强调过程The wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时分风停了die down （多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等）逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。表示过程，常可与die away 替换The flames finally died down.（也可用die away）火焰越来越小，最后熄灭了die off （多指家族、草木）相继死去，先后死亡The leaves of this plant are dying off. 这植物的叶子正在凋落。【即境活用】Unfortunately, the soldier died_ a wound in the chess.A
10、. from B. out C. off D. down【解析】A 考查die的短语搭配辨析。按照句意此处soldier死的原因应该是枪伤。2. protectfrom 保护-免受-后接较小的事情或危害，例如：frost, harm, catching coldYou must learn to protect yourself from the danger. 你必须学会保护自己，免遭危险。【拓展延伸】protectagainst后接较大的事情，如战争、灾害、重税、威胁等。keep sb from doing sth, prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人
11、做某事keep sb doing sth使某人一直干某事 defendfrom/against保卫以抵御【点拨】kept-from-的from在任何情况下都不省略；prevent/stop-from的from可以省略，但在被动句式中不能省略。【点拨】辨析defend, protect, guard，preserve。defend 保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思；guard 含有看守的意思；preserve 指采取措施维护、保护、保存。She had to defend herself against the gu
12、ard dog.她不得不防备看门狗咬她A policeman was guarding the entrance to the embassy.一位警察正看守大使馆出口处。It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序【即境活用】Use the umbrella to_ yourself from the rain.A. prevent B. protect C. defend D. protection【解析】B 考查动词辨析。prevent sb from doing sth防止某人
13、干某事，意思类似于stop/keep sb from doing sth；protect sb from sth保护某人免遭伤害；defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。答案为B。3. come into being 形成；产生 We dont exactly know when the universe came into being. 我们不确定宇宙是何时形成的。 Long skirts have come into fashion again . 长裙又时兴起来了。 When do the new regulations come into force? 来源:Z|x
14、x|k.Com新规章什么时候开始执行？【重点句型】1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。此句可改成：She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语【即境活用】With some students _（follow） behind , he came in.With a lot of thing _ （solve）, the new boss worried a lot.答案：following; to solve2. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, lo
