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1、 WORD资料.可编辑 2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experime
2、nts at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon change
3、d subjects behavior.The idea arose because of the behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not what was done in the experiment; something was changed, productivity rose. A(
4、n) that they were being experimented upon seemed to be to alter workers behavior itself.After several decades, the same data were to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store the descriptions on record, no systematic was found that levels of productivity were related
5、 to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to interpretation of what happened. , lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output rose compared with the previous Saturday and to rise for the next couple of da
6、ys. , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down.1
7、.A affected B achieved C extracted D restored2.A at B up C with D off3.A truth B sight C act D proof4.A controversial B perplexing C mischievous D ambiguous5.A requirements B explanations C accounts D assessments6.A conclude B matter C indicate D work7.A as far as B for fear that C in case that D so
8、 long so8.A awareness B expectation C sentiment D illusion9.A suitable B excessive C enough D abundant10.A about B for C on D by11.A compared B shown C subjected D conveyed12.A Contrary to B Consistent withC Parallel with D Peculiar to13.A evidence B guidance C implication D source14.A disputable B
9、enlightening C reliable D misleading15.A In contrast B For example C In consequenceD As usual16.A duly B accidentally C unpredictably D suddenly17.A failed B ceased C started D continued18.A Therefore B Furthermore C However D Meanwhile19.A attempted B tended C chose D intended20.A breaking B climbi
10、ng C surpassing D hittingSection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during
11、the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found i
12、n most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication i
13、n general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in w
14、hich it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” New
