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1、心理学专有名词中英对照表心理动力-psycho-dynamics心理分析-psychoanalysis 行为论-behaviorism心理生物观-psycho-biological perspective 认知-cognition临床心理学家-clinical psychologist 谘商-counseling人因工程-human factor engineering 组织-organization潜意识-unconsciousness 完形心理学-Gestalt psychology感觉-sensation 知觉-perception实验法-experimental method 独变项-
2、independent variable依变项-dependent V. 控制变项-control V.生理-physiology 条件化-conditioning学习-learning 比较心理学-comparative psy.发展-development 社会心理学-social psy.人格-personality 心理计量学psychometrics受试(者)-subject 实验者预期效应experimenter expectancy effect 双盲法-doubleblind实地实验-field experiment 相关-correlation调查-survey 访谈-int
3、erview个案研究-case study 观察-observation心理测验-psychological test 纹理递变度-texture gradient注意-attention 物体的组群-grouping of object型态辨识pattern recognition 形象-背景-figure-ground接近律-proximity 相似律-similarity闭合律-closure 连续律-continuity对称律-symmetry 错觉-illusion幻觉-delusion 恒常性-constancy大小-size 形状-shape位置- location 单眼线索-m
4、onocular cue线性透视-linear- perspective 双眼线索-binocular cue深度-depth 调节作用-accommodation重迭-superposition 双眼融合-binocular fusion辐辏作用-convergence 双眼像差-binocular disparity向度 - dimension 自动效应-autokinetic effect运动视差- motion parallax 诱发运动- induced motion闪光运动- stroboscopic motion 上下文、脉络-context人工智能-artificial int
5、elligence A.I. 脉络关系作用-context effect模板匹配-template matching 整合分析法-analysis-by-synthesis丰富性-redundancy 选择性-selective无意识的推论-unconscious inferences 运动后效-motion aftereffect特征侦测器feature detector 激发性-excitatory抑制性-inhibitory 几何子-geons由上而下处理up-down process 由下而上处理-bottom-up process连结者模式-connectionist model 联
6、结失识症-associative agnosia脸孔辨识困难症-prosopagnosia 意识-conscious（ness）意识改变状态-altered states of consciousness 无意识-unconsciousness前意识-preconsciousness 内省法-introspection边缘注意-peripheral attention多重人格-multiple personality 2 心理学专有名词中英对照表 午餐排队(鸡尾酒会)效应lunch line(cocktail party) effect 自动化历程-automatic process 解离-d
7、issociate解离认同失常-dissociative identity disorder 快速眼动睡眠-REM dream 非快速眼动睡眠NREM dream 神志清醒的梦-lucid dreaming失眠-insomnia 显性与隐性梦-manifest & latern content心理活动性psychoactive 冥想-meditation抗药性- tolerance戒断-withdrawal 感觉剥夺-sensory deprivation物质滥用-substance abuse 成瘾-physical addiction物质依赖-sub. dependence 戒断症状-wi
8、thdrawal symptom兴奋剂-stimulant 幻觉（迷幻）剂-hallucinogen镇定剂-sedative， 抑制剂-depressant酒精中毒引起谵妄delirium tremens 麻醉剂-narcotic催眠-hypnosis 催眠后暗示-posthypnotic suggestion催眠后失忆 posthypnotic amnesia 超心理学-parapsychology超感知觉extrasensory perception ESP 心电感应-telepathy超感视-clairvoyance预知-precognition 心理动力psycokinesis PK受
9、纳器-receptor绝对阈-absolute threshold 差异阈-difference threshold恰辨差- -JND 韦伯律-Webers law心理物理-psychophysical 费雪纳定律-Fechners law频率-frequency 振幅-amplitude音频-pitch 基音-fundamental tone倍音-overtone 和谐音-harmonic音色-timbre 白色噪音-white noise鼓膜-eardrum 耳蜗-cochlea卵形窗oval window 圆形窗-round window前庭-vestibular sacs 半规管-se
10、micircular canals角膜-cornea 水晶体-lens虹膜-iris 瞳孔-pupil网膜-retina 睫状肌-ciliary muscle调节作用-accommodation 脊髓-spinal cord反射弧-reflex arc 脑干-brain stem计算机轴性线断层扫描- CAT 或CT PET-正子放射断层摄影MRI-磁共振显影 延脑-medulla桥脑-pons小脑-cerebellum 网状结构-reticular formation RAS-网状活化系统 视丘-thalamus下视丘-hypothalamus 大脑-cerebrum脑（下）垂体（腺）pit
11、uitary gland 脑半球-cerebral hemisphere皮质-cortex 胼胝体-corpus callosum边缘系统-limbic system 海马体-hippocampus杏仁核-amygdala 中央沟-central fissure侧沟-lateral fissure 脑叶-lobe同卵双生子-identical twins 异卵双生子fraternal twins 古典制约-classical conditioning操作制约-operant conditioning 非制约刺激(US unconditioned stimulus非制约反应(UR)uncondi
12、tioned R. 制约刺激-(CS) conditioned S.制约反应-(CR)conditioned R. 习(获)得-acquisition增强作用-reinforcement 消除(弱)-extinction自(发性)然恢复-spontaneous recovery 前行制约forward conditioning同时制约-simultaneous conditioning 回溯制约-backward cond.痕迹制约trace conditioning 延宕制约delay conditioning类化(梯度)-generalization (gradient) 区辨-discrimination (次级)增强物-(secondary) reinforcer 嫌恶刺激-aversive stimulus 试误学习-trial and error learning 效果率-law of effect正(负)性增强物positi
