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1、代词,一. 概念,二. 相关知识点,1. 人称代词 1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。,口诀1 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。 主格动词前做主，动词介词后宾格。 You和it主宾同，其他主宾须分清。 口诀2 人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼当先。 单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。 若把错误责任担，第一人称我靠前。,2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语）,3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。 -Who is knocking at the door? -Its me.,
2、4) 人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 He is older than me. He is older than I.,2. 物主代词 1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。 物主代词分形容词性和名词性物主代词,物主代词分两种，形容词性名词性。 形容词性能力差，自己不能来当家。 句子当中作定语，身后定把名词加。 物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用。 句中充当主宾表，身后没有名词影。 两种代词形不同，添个 s 形变名。 his,its不用变，my变mine要记清。,2) 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。 Our teacher is coming
3、 to see us. This is her pencil-box.,3) 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） - Is this English-book yours? （作表语） - No. Mine is in my bag.,3. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that， these those。,1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人 This is a pen and that i
4、s a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time,2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物 I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English,3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替 Television sets made in B
5、eijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai,4) this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方 Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?,4. 反身代词（反身代词代自己，句中可担宾同表） 英语中用来表示“我自己“，“你自己“，“他自己“，“我们自己“，“你们自己“等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词,反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语 1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer 2)
6、作表语。 It doesnt matter. Ill be myself soon 3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes,短语,enjoy oneself make oneself at home make oneself understoodheard for oneself为自己 of oneself 自然地，自动地 by oneself 独自地,5. 不定代词,不定代词的形式 some, any, no, none, many, much, few, little, each, every, one, all, both ei
7、ther, neither, other, another及some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,（1）both, all, either, any, neither, none比较,both,either,neither,all,any,none,- When shall we meet again? - Make it _ day you like; its all the same to me. (2) - Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? - Im afraid _ day is possible.,any,neither,（2
8、）none, no one (nobody), nothing比较,(1)- How many of you have been to the Great Wall? - _. (2) - Who knows the answer to this question? - _. (3) - What are you doing now? - _. (4) Cities have theaters, museums and big sporting events, but small towns have _.,None,No one,Nothing,none,none,no one,nothin
9、g,指代,回答,单复数,跟of结构,人/ 物,人,物,how many/ how much,who,what,C 单/复 U 单,单,单,（3）every, each的用法比较,强调个体,强调整体,主/宾/定/同位语,定语,1. They both came on time, but each left ahead of time. 2. Tokyo and London are two large cities. I really love each. 3. We send each other an e-meal each week. 4. We each hope to have fre
10、e weekends. 5. Every student needs to be careful with their studies.,We each _ a company car. (have),have,each作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。,（4）another, other, the other, others, the others,another other the other others the others,用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个”,作前置定语, 修饰单数或复数名词,两者中的“另一个”, 是特指,泛指“其他人”或“其他物”,指整体中除去一部分后, 剩余的全部,
11、= other + 名复,特定范围,it one ones,表同类同物表单数,Yesterday, I bought a football, but now I cant find it.,表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指,There are many TV sets in the store; Would you like to take one?,表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指,I dont like green apples; I like red ones.,（5）it, one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those,th
12、e one that,表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数,表同类但不同物, 指代单数或不可数,The bridge made of stone is much stronger than the one made of wood.,The boy told me his story and that of his sisters. The population of China is larger than that of any other country in Asia.,the ones / those,The books on the desk are better than the on
13、es / those under the desk.,表同类不同物，表特指，表复数,some一般用于肯定句中，但在表示请求并希望对方能给予肯定回答时，可用于疑问句 any一般用于否定和疑问句中，但当any强调“任何”时，也可用于肯定句中 同理，something，somebody，someone的用法同some anything，anybody，anyone的用法同any,(6) some与any, 肯定句中，用于单数可数名词前表示“某一” I have some friends. Smith went to some place in England. (定语) 在期待对方回答yes 时，s
14、ome用在表示请求或邀请的问句中 Would you like some bananas?（邀请） Mum, could you give me some money? (请求),返回目录,some 的用法,any 的用法, any用于疑问句和否定句 。 Is there any student in the classroom? No ,there isnt any student. any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。 Any day is okay for me.,(7) one, both, all,one指人或物，“一个”，其复数为ones This is not the one I
15、 want. (表语),返回目录,one 的用法,Both的用法,both指人或指物，“两者都” This maths problem can be worked out in both ways. (定语) 注意：1) both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用neither。 Both of us are not teachers. 我们俩并不都是教师。 Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。 2) both不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而应放在它们的前面。 Both my parents like this film.,
16、all “全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。 He gave me all the money. All the schools are flooded.,all 的用法,all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。 Not all the ants go out for food. All the ants dont go out for food. 并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。 None of the money is mine. 这钱一分也不是我的。,返回目录,注意,（8）few, little a few, a little,few和little表示没有多少，含否定意义 a few 和a little表示有一些，有几个，含肯定意义。 另外 few、
