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1、有头脑的人的选择 TheThinkingMansChoice Contactismade.Nervesorderthehearttopumpfaster.Adrenalinsurgestoaction.Nervesconstrictthebloodvesselsintheextremitiesofthebody.Skintemperaturedrops.Fingersandtoesgrowcolder.Bloodpressurejump.Analcoholicoradopeaddictinthefirststagesofacure?Amanbeingcatapultedintoouterspa
2、ce?NoTheseeffectsstemfromsmokingjustonecigarette. TheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceisissuingcontinualwarningstosmokers.Iftheyabstainpletelyfromsmoking,theirchancesofacquiringlungcancerwillbeonein275.Theirchancesofdyingoflungcancerwillbeonein10iftheybeeheavysmokerstwoormorepacksaday.Lungcancerisfata
3、lin95percentofallcases. Butinspiteofglaringevidenceandfrequentwarnings,thepublicissmokingmoreandmore.TheDepartmentofAgricultureestimatesthatthisyearsconsumptionofcigaretteswillreach180packsperpersonfifteenyearsofageandover.Howmanycigarettesdoesthismeanperperson?3600. Whyissmokingsuchanimportantprobl
4、em?Becausesmokingisnotamerehabit,assomanythinkitis.No,itismoreseriousthanthat.Ahabitcanbebrokeneasilyenough,butanaddictioncannot.SmokerslapseintohelplessnessDanielSchubert,oftheUniversityofChicago,quizzed226studentsatalargeNorthwesterncollegeabouttheirsmokinghabitswhytheystarted,whatsatisfactionthey
5、got,andiftheywantedtostop.AccordingtoSchubert,theywantedtoquitsmoking;buttheycouldnt. Ifoneisaddictedtocigarettes,heisdependentuponthemphysically,aswellaspsychologically.Whatisit,ifitisnotaddiction,thatmotivatesamantogooutinsubzeroweathertobuyapackofcigarettes?Ifnecessary,hewilldrivetenmileslateatni
6、ghttofindanopendrugstore.Whatisit,ifitisnotaddiction,thatmakesamoocherofanotherwisecharmingyounggirl? Iwastalkingtoaprofessornotlongagowhohadjustquitsmoking.Hetoldmewhatmostofyoualreadyknowthatoncethehabitisstarted,watchoutItisnexttoimpossibletostopsmoking.Iaskedhimhowheevermanagedtoquitwhenhehadbee
7、nsmokingoverapackadayfortenyears.Listentohisstory. Well,Icutdowntoonehalfpackadayforthefirstweek. Iwastouchymostofthetime.Theslightestirritationmademynervesjangleandmyheadwanttoexplode.ThenextweekIsmokedfivecigarettesadayandhadanevenworsecaseofnerves.ThenthefollowingweekIchewedgumandsuckedonmints,ca
8、ndy,andpipestems.Frankly,IwasntsurefromonemomenttothenextifIcouldkeepgoing.SomehowImadeit. Manyofyouknowwhatthisprofessoristalkingabout;you,too,havetriedtobreaktheaddiction,buthavefailed.Inthefewminuteswehaveheretodaywecananalyzethemotivesattherootofoursmokingproblem. Perhapswecanassurethosewhodonot
9、smoke,(andIamhappyIcanstillincludemyselfinthisgroup),tonipinthebudtheurgesofthosewhoareabouttobeginsmoking,andtoencouragetocutdownthosewhoarealreadyconfirmedsmokers. Letsbeginwithgrouppressures.Weracetomaturity,togrowupallatonce.Wewantpoise,selfconfidence,andlotsoffriends;wewanttobeaccepted. Thisnee
10、dforacceptanceremindsmeofanincidentthatoccurredinacampussororityhouseduringtherushingperiodlastfall.Asororitymemberofferedarusheeacigarette.Eagertopleaseandnottoseemdifferent,thegirlblurtedoutaconfident,Oh,yes,IdloveoneTheactivestruckamatch,wascalmlyextendingittowardtherusheewhentheflusteredfreshman
11、mettheactivehalfwaywithcigaretteinhand.Theactivewasthunderstruck.Youcanimaginehermixedemotionswhilestrivingtostifleheramusementandatthesametimetounderstandthatthepoorrusheehadneversmokedbefore.Intheexcitementofthemomentshewasonlyconcernedwithbeingaccepted. Thenthereisthegirlwhoisseatedinagroup,notkn
12、owingwhattodowithherhands.First,sherollsandunrollsthecurlbehindherleftear;thensherummagesinherpurseforsomearticletowaveasaprop.Aninspirationflashes,andsheremembersthepackageofKentsinhercoatpocket.Whydidntshethinkofthembefore?Shealwaysdidthinkwomenwhosmokedlookedmature.Whataconvenientproptohavebrough
13、talong.Convenient?Yes,sophisticated?No.Yearsago,awomanwasthoughtsophisticatedifsheknewhowtosmoke.Menwereimpressed.Buttodaythepictureischanging,aseveryoneknowshowtosmokeageelevenorup.Perhapsnowthenoveltyshouldbethenonsmoker? NowIaskyou.Isawomancharmingifshecansitwithherhandsfoldedgracefullyinherlap,o
14、risshemorecharmingwhilefidgetingwithonecigaretteafteranother?Andyoumenspecificallywhichdoyouprefertheladywhoneedsnopropstohavepoise,ortheladywhothinksacigarettemakeshermorealluringtoyou?Takeagoodlookatawomansometimewhensheisinhaling.Shedragshard,makesapuckeringnoisewithherlips,tossesherheadbackdrawi
15、ngadeepbreaththenbellowsthesmokeoutlikethegustfromarocketlaunching.Shemayevengosofarastoblowsmokeringsforyou.Isshedainty?Isshefeminine? Thepowerofsuggestionisanotherstrongmotivatingfactorinourlives.Haventyouwatchedsomeoneyawnandsuddenlyfeltyourownmouthgapeopen.Youletthepowerofsuggestiongetthebestofy
16、ou;andbeforeyourealizedit,you,too,wereyawning.Now,couldntthissamepowerinduceyoutosmoke?Whynot,especiallythroughthemediumofadvertising. IamremindedofaMostlyMalarkycartoonthatIrecentlyclippedoutoftheChicagoTribune.Malarkystrolledintoadrugstore.Standingbeforethecounter,hescratchedhisheadinsilence.Finally,hemutteredtotheclerk,Iwantthethinkingmanscigarette,butIcant
