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1、Section Grammar 复习定语从句语法图解探究发现On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for a group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope.In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed.Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds
2、 of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India, where it is made into the shawls.In the 1990s the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes in the Hoh Xil Nature Reser
3、ve the huge national park on the QinghaiTibetan Plateau, which is the main habitat of the antelopes.Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one in which Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.The small group of officials who work in the reserve are helped by volunteers who come from all over the country, a
4、nd who are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres.Meanwhile, in those countries where the shawls are sold, police are getting tough with the dealers.我的发现(1)以上各句中黑体部分在定语从句中分别担当什么成分？句中作定语；句中作主语；句中作地点状语。(2)哪些句子中的which可用that替代？句中的which可用that替代。在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词
5、，定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。本模块主要复习由关系词和“介词关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句以及非限制性定语从句。一、引导定语从句的关系词1引导定语从句的常用关系词的用法关系词指代对象在从句中所作成分关系代词who指人主语、宾语、表语whom指人宾语which指物主语、宾语、表语that既指人又指物主语、宾语、表语whose既指人又指物定语as既指人又指物主语、宾语、表语关系副词when指时间时间状语where指地点地点状语why指原因原因状语I still remember the day when (on which) I first came to Beijing.我还记得第一次来北
6、京的那一天。This is the place where (at which) Jack parks his car.这是杰克停车的地方。The building which/that stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。The person whom you met yesterday is an honest man.昨天你遇到的那个人是一个诚实的人。Such books as you borrowed are of great use.你借的这样的书很有用。2that和which引导的定语从句
7、的区别that和which都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，但两者存在着不同。用that不用which的情况先行词是all, much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时先行词被any, few, little, much, some, no等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词对其进行修饰时先行词既指人又指物时主句是who或which等引出的特殊疑
8、问句时用which不用that的情况在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that介词后边用which不用that先行词为that/those时Tell me everything that you know.把你所知道的一切都告诉我吧。I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。即时演练1(1)用适当的关系词填空(2017北京高考改编)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be i
9、nspirations for great inventions.A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.I dont become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.Can you show me a case where this phrase is often mis
10、used by Chinese students, Mr Brown?Those people who/whom/that the boss interviewed are applicants for the job.The reason why he was fired was not known to us.(2)用which或that填空He is the very person that I want to talk to.They were talking about persons and things that they remembered.They have invited
11、 me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.二、“介词关系代词”的用法1“介词关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用whose, which或whom，不用that。This is the pencil with which I draw pictures.这是我画画用的那支铅笔。2“介词关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。关系代词前介词选择三原则： 一先，二动，三意义。(1)一先，即根据介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。I will never forget the day on which we moved into our new hou
12、se.我永远不会忘记我们搬进新居的那一天。(2)二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。He is the model from whom we should learn.他是我们应该学习的榜样。(3)三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Look at the building over which is flying a red flag. Its where I work.看那栋上面飘着红旗的房子，这就是我上班的地方。3“介词关系代词”前可有名词、数词或some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, one, few等代词，
13、构成“名词/代词/数词等介词关系代词”结构。Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult for you.就是这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说太难。即时演练2(1)用适当的介词填空Air, without which man cant live, is really important.The witness to whom the policemen referred was killed.I dont know the reason for which he was late for school.(2)用“介词关系代词
14、”完成下列句子(2016浙江高考改编)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none_of_which_has_been_proved (没有一个被证实)Trading leather shoes is the business to_which_the_Greens_are_devoted (格林一家所致力于的)(devote)There are two buildings there, the_larger_of_which_stands_nearly (较大的那栋大约有) a hu
15、ndred feet tall. (stand)三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语，“的”通常翻译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上1.关系代词作动词的宾语时可省略2有时可以用that代替who/which1.关系代词作动词的宾语时不可省略2不可以用that代替who/whichI will never forget the day when I met Mr Liu.我永远不会忘记遇见刘先生的那一天。This is the man who helped me.这就是帮我的那个人。Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。Peter drove
